如何用英语和孩子介绍各种恐龙
（一）恐龙生活的年代
Dinosaurs were reptiles that lived on earth during the Mesozoic Era (252 to 66 million years ago).
恐龙是中生代（2.5亿年前至6600万年前）的一种爬行动物。
The Mesozoic Era was divided into three periods: the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous.
中生代分为三个时期：三叠纪、侏罗纪和白垩纪。
Each period had a different climate and its own type of plants. Dinosaurs also changed from one period to another.
每个时期的气候和植物类型都不同，所以各个时期的恐龙也不同。
Other creatures shared the dinosaur world, like pterosaurs that flew in the sky.
恐龙时期还有很多其他动物，像是天上飞的翼龙。
Sixty-six million years ago, dinosaurs died out. It was probably caused by an asteroid hitting the earth.
6600万年前，恐龙灭绝了。可能是因为一颗小行星撞击地球导致的。
（二）恐龙的类型
（1）兽脚类 Theropods
Theropods had sharp teeth and claws. They moved on two legs. This group included all of the meat-eating dinosaurs.
兽脚类恐龙都有尖牙和利爪。它们用两条腿行走。所有的肉食恐龙都属于兽脚类。
霸王龙、伶盗龙 、美颌龙、恐爪龙、棘龙属于兽脚类。
（2）蜥脚类 Sauropods
Sauropods were the largest dinosaurs. They walked on four strong feet.They had small heads, long necks and tails.
蜥脚类恐龙是体型最大的恐龙。它们用粗壮的四条腿行走。它们的头很小，脖子和尾巴很长。
腕龙、梁龙、迷惑龙属于蜥脚类。
（4）覆盾甲龙类 Thyreophorans
Thyreophorans had bony body armors, sometimes including tail spikes.
覆盾甲龙类恐龙身上有盔甲，有的尾巴上带尖刺。
甲龙、剑龙属于覆盾甲龙类。
（4）鸟脚类 Ornithopods
Ornithopods were famous for the strange head shapes. Some of them had duck-like beaks.
鸟脚类恐龙的头的形状很奇怪，有的还有像鸭子一样的嘴。
禽龙、盔龙、副栉龙属于鸟脚类。
（5）头饰龙类 Marginocephalians
Marginocephalians used their thick skulls or horns for defense.
头饰龙类恐龙用它们厚重的头骨或者头上的角来防卫。
肿头龙、三角龙属于头饰龙类。
（三）常见恐龙的特点
下面简单介绍一下15种比较有特点的恐龙，这些恐龙也是孩子的绘本和科普书籍中常见的恐龙。
（1）霸王龙 Tyrannosaurus rex [təˌrænəˈsɔrəs] [reks]
T. rex was one of the most powerful meat-eating dinosaurs. It had a large head, sharp teeth, strong legs and short arms. Scientists don't know exactly what T. rex's short arms were for.
霸王龙是最可怕的肉食恐龙之一。头大，牙齿锋利，两腿粗壮，但是两只胳膊短小。科学家也不知道霸王龙短小的胳膊有什么用。
（2）伶盗龙 Velociraptor[vəˈlɑsɪræptə]
Velociraptor was a small, fast and fiercedinosaur.It had feathers on its arms.
伶盗龙（迅猛龙）体型小、速度快，非常凶猛，胳膊上有羽毛。
（3）美颌[hé]龙 Compsognathus [ˌkampsəgˈneiθəs]
Compsognathus was only the size of a chicken.It could run away quickly from large enemies.
美颌龙只有鸡那么大。它的速度很快，遇到敌人时候，可以迅速逃跑。
（4）恐爪龙 Deinonychus [daɪˈnɔnikəs]
Deinonychus was a bird-like dinosaur and covered in feathers. It was known for its "terrible claws".
恐爪龙跟鸟很像，浑身都是羽毛。它的尖爪出了名的可怕。
（5）棘龙 Spinosaurus [ˌspaɪnəˈsɔrəs]
Spinosaurus was the largest known meat-eating dinosaur. It had a sail on its back.
棘龙是被发现的最大的肉食恐龙。它的背上有长棘（帆状物）。
（6）腕龙 Brachiosaurus [brækiəˈsɔrəs]
（7）梁龙 Diplodocus [dɪˈplɑdəkəs]
（8）迷惑龙Apatosaurus [əˌpætəˈsɔrəs]
这3种恐龙都是蜥脚类，都生活在侏罗纪时期，外形很像，都是小脑袋，长脖子，长尾巴。
区别如下：
腕龙Brachiosaurus有头冠，前腿比后腿长，头部能抬得很高，可以吃到很高的树叶。
梁龙Diplodocus比较瘦一些，尾巴很长。
迷惑龙Apatosaurus粗壮一些，身体后半部比肩部高，脖子和尾巴差不多长。
（9）甲龙 Ankylosaurus [ænkilə'sɔrəs]
Ankylosaurus had a suit of armor. It was slow-moving and used its clubbed tail for protection.
甲龙穿着一件铠甲。它的动作很慢，遇到危险时候，它会用锤状尾巴来保护自己。
（10）剑龙 Stegosaurus[ˌsteɡə'sɔrəs]
Stegosaurus had plates down its back and a spiky tail. It had a very small brain.
剑龙背上有板状的骨头，尾巴上有尖刺。剑龙的大脑很小。
（11）禽龙Iguanodon[ɪˈɡwɑnədɑn]
Iguanodon had a spike on each thumb which was used to open fruits and seeds, and also to scare off enemies.
禽龙的两个前肢上各有一个钉状拇指，可以用来剥开果子和种子，也可以用来吓走敌人。
（12）盔龙 Corythosaurus[kəˌriθə'sɔrəs]
Corythosaurus had a bright crest which was probably used to attract a mate.
盔龙的头上有个颜色鲜艳的头冠，可能是用来吸引配偶的。
（13）副栉[zhì]龙 Parasaurolophus[ˌpærəˌsɔrə'lɔfəs]
Parasaurolophus could make a sound with its tall crest. The sound may have warned others that an enemy was near.
副栉龙高高的头冠可以发出声音，用来报警。
（14）肿头龙 Pachycephalosaurus[ˌpækiˌsefələu'sɔrəs]
Pachycephalosaurus was recognizable for its skull, which could be up to 25cm thick. Its skull was covered by small knobs.
肿头龙的特点是它的头骨，可以达到25厘米厚。而且它的头骨周围有很多的小瘤。
（15）三角龙 Triceratops[traɪˈserətɑps]
Triceratops was a large dinosaur with three horns which were used for protection. It had a hundred of teeth.
三角龙体型很大，头上的三个角是它的武器。它有上百颗牙齿。