CN102841674A - Embedded system based on novel memory and hibernation and awakening method for process of embedded system - Google Patents
Embedded system based on novel memory and hibernation and awakening method for process of embedded system Download PDFInfo
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- CN102841674A CN102841674A CN2012102599418A CN201210259941A CN102841674A CN 102841674 A CN102841674 A CN 102841674A CN 2012102599418 A CN2012102599418 A CN 2012102599418A CN 201210259941 A CN201210259941 A CN 201210259941A CN 102841674 A CN102841674 A CN 102841674A
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Abstract
The invention provides an embedded system based on a novel memory, and a hibernation and awakening method for process of the embedded system. The embedded system is characterized in that a storage architecture consists of a novel nonvolatile memory and a DRAM (dynamic random access memory); the novel nonvolatile memory consists of a bootstrapper memory area, a kernel memory area, a file system memory area and a process image backup area; the process image backup area is divided into an image index area and an image data storage area; and an application program can be hung up to the novel nonvolatile memory. According to the invention, the system-level and single-process hibernation can be realized, process hibernation and awakening management is more flexible and convenient, the hibernation awakening data backup and recovery workload of the traditional embedded system can be reduced, and large storage space occupied by data backup when a system enters hibernation can also be reduced so as to improve the operation efficiency of the embedded system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of embedded system technology field, particularly relate to a kind of dormancy and awakening method of embedded system and the process thereof based on novel storer.
Background technology
Process is important concept in the operating system, and in the operating system of hierarchical structure, process is the base unit of system assignment resource, also is under multitasking, the base unit of process CPU scheduling.Process is the operational process of program on a data set; It is the base unit that system carries out resources allocation and scheduling; And processor just needs the existence of description process and can reflect the physical entity that changes if will discern the administration-management reason of going forward side by side to process, and promptly the static state of process is described.The static state of process is described by three parts and is formed PCB (process control block (PCB)), program segment and set of data structures.PCB comprises the descriptor of process, control information and resource information, and system is according to the existence of PCB aware processes and grasp state of a process to reach the purpose of control process activity.The program part of process describe process the function that will accomplish.And data set is the operand of the indispensable workspace of process.
Management to process is one of most important function in the operating system.Process is cancelled from being created to, and experience the different stages, and from the system resource angle, process has 3 kinds of basic status usually:
1) ready state (Ready): this is that process has had other resources except that processor, because the exclusivity of processor resource so temporarily can not move, need wait other process releasing and processing device resources.
2) running status (Running): process obtains processor resource, and its program is carried out, and in the single processor system, has only a process to be in running status; When not having other processes to carry out (like all processes all at blocked state), can automatically perform the idle process of system usually.
3) blocked state (Blocked): process temporarily can not be moved because of the generation of waiting for certain incident, like the interruption of waiting facilities, wait for the signal of other processes etc., in this state, though the processor free time also can't use.
In operating system, be one of most important work to the scheduling of process.Simultaneously can only handle a process on each processor; For reasonable use system resource, the way that can adopt timesharing to carry out usually lets a plurality of process shared storage resources, and execution time of processor is divided into shorter interlude section; Each process was moved according to the time period that is assigned to; Arrived when the time period, just carried out than changing next process, and the next process that has the operating system decision to carry out.Because the existence of process scheduling, in the lifetime of process, the residing state of process always constantly changes along with the variation of external condition and the propelling of self.
The scheduling of process relates to that the conversion of state relates between process, the switching between the preservation of current process state, new process scheduling operation and process.For the ease of management, control process, the special data structure-PCB that system is provided with comes the surface of record the process with it, describes the motion change process of process.Utilize PCB to control and manage all information of each process during system call, so PCB is unique sign that the system senses process exists.Process and PCB are one to one.
Generally speaking, comprise following content among the PCB:
1) Process identifier: Process identifier is that internal system is used to identify the numbering that a process is given, and is called the internalname of process.
2) information of processor, the CPU field data of preserving when promptly process becomes other states by executing state becomes ready state once more with this process of box lunch, and recovering information during the program that is scheduled allocation process machine makes process can continue normal the execution.Generally include the content (content of totalizer and indexing applications unit) of PSW PSW, general-purpose register, the content of programmable counter and the pointer of user stack etc.
3) process scheduling information comprises process status, the priority of process, the out of Memory that process scheduling is required, information such as incident
4) the process control information comprises the address of the data of program, resource inventory, the synchronous and communication mechanism of process, information such as indicator linking.
Through the operation to PCB, thereby system is relevant course allocation resource makes the execution that is able to be scheduled of relevant process; And the completion process requires the relevant address of functional programs section, and is stopped field data after the execution also all in PCB because of certain reason in the program process.At last, after process is carried out end, then come the shared various resources of release process through discharging PCB.
Principle features based on above-mentioned process characteristic, process status conversion, system call; The tradition embedded system is in process status conversion, system call process; The corresponding PCB controll block information of the work at present state of process perhaps is kept in the memory dram or is kept in the exchange partition; When system's power down or when closing; The corresponding PCB controll block information of the process that those are moving in the system or the process of hang-up will all be lost; When the system restart process or when starting the application process be forced closed once more, all need start this application process based on the storage code of the application program of depositing in the file system, bring problems such as internal memory waste, poor in timeliness thereby need pass through the multistep repetitive operation during duty before will recovering this process simultaneously and closing last time; Existing embedded system has the dormancy awakening function; Can realize fast quick-recovery to a certain extent based on the dormancy awakening implementation process duty of system; The startup of quickening process; Yet; It is to be the power consumption that unit reduces system with the system that system hibernates is waken up, need preserve the PCB controll block information of all processes in the internal memory during system hibernates, and the suspend process when needing bigger nonvolatile memory space to come the storage system dormancy simultaneously is relevant Backup Data; Though the backup information of can assurance preserving can be based on the nonvolatile memory system dormancy behind the electricity under the system time quickly recovers to the duty before the process dormancy, during with system hibernates the nonvolatile memory of all process PCB controll block information back-ups in the internal memory and sacrifice larger capacity is brought.
Given this, how based on the management of process-level further reduce power consumption and the system hibernates of embedded system, the workload in the wakeup process realizes that the duty that application program quickly recovers to before hanging up has become a problem demanding prompt solution.
Summary of the invention
The shortcoming of prior art in view of the above; The object of the present invention is to provide a kind ofly, be used for solving existing in the prior art embedded system process sleep procedure and load when data backup is excessive to cause internal memory waste and wakeup process that workload is relatively large, system running speed slow and problem such as poor in timeliness based on the embedded system of dynamic mirror management and the dormancy and the awakening method of application process thereof.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose and other relevant purposes; The present invention proposes a kind of embedded system dormancy and awakening method based on novel storer; Said embedded system comprises cpu controller, novel nonvolatile memory and DRAM internal memory at least; Wherein, said novel nonvolatile memory is made up of boot memory block, kernel memory block, file system storage section and process mirror back-up district, and said embedded system also comprises:
Said process mirror back-up zoning is divided into mirror image index area and mirror image data conservation zone;
Process is hung up, and then this process discharges cpu resource entering dormant state;
During said process dormancy, the corresponding whole PCB controll block information datas of this process work at present state are saved in the said process mirror back-up district, promptly said process suspends to said nonvolatile memory; Or will be in said DRAM internal memory in this process work at present state corresponding part PCB controll block information data and the process mirror back-up district Backup Data of this process merge and be saved in the said process mirror back-up district, promptly said process suspends to said nonvolatile memory; Or said its shared cpu resource of process release, the corresponding PCB clamp dog of this process work at present state information still is retained in the said DRAM internal memory; Perhaps application process is closed and is withdrawed from, and discharges shared cpu resource and DRAM memory headroom.
Process is waken up, and then this process obtains the cpu resource entering or the state of resuming work;
When said process is waken up, hang up preceding PCB controll block relevant information based on this process in the said DRAM internal memory and wake this process up; Or based on said novel this process of nonvolatile memory random access characteristic original position startup; Or directly restart a process, promptly during the associated storage information when all this process is hung up in the said DRAM internal memory and mirror back-up district, directly the storage code based on said process corresponding application program starts this process.
Alternatively, when said embedded system process is waken up, may further comprise the steps at least:
1) system wake-up or the order of startup application process;
2) proceeding internal memory information is preserved situation in the said DRAM internal memory of scanning;
3) judge that whether preserving this process in the said DRAM internal memory hangs up the preceding corresponding PCB controll block of duty relevant information, if, then get into next step, if not, then go to step 5);
4) hang up preceding PCB controll block relevant information based on this process in the said DRAM internal memory and wake this process up, quickly recover to the duty before this process is hung up, then go to step 18);
5) suspend process mirror image data backup preservation situation in the said process mirror back-up of the scanning district;
6) judge the mirror image index record of whether preserving this process in the said mirror image index area, if, then go to step 8), if not, then get into next step;
7) directly from restarting this application process, then go to step 18);
8) start this application process based on said novel nonvolatile memory random access characteristic original position, and quickly recover to the duty before this process is hung up;
9) judge in this process implementation whether write operation is arranged, if, then get into next step, then go to step 18 if not);
10) upgrade the corresponding index record of preservation current process based on current process at the work state information of said mirror image data backup area operation in said mirror image index area;
11) the relevant PCB controll block Backup Data of write operation that loads current process arrives said DRAM internal memory, in this DRAM internal memory, carries out follow-up reading and writing behaviour;
12) judge whether have available memory space to load the relevant PCB controll block backup information of this process write operation in the said DRAM internal memory, if, then go to step 14), if not, then get into next step;
13) with the use of hanging up in the said DRAM internal memory frequent relatively but suspension time surpasses the PCB controll block relevant information of the process of certain hour section backups to said mirror back-up district and discharge its shared said DRAM internal memory; Or directly use relatively not frequent application process to close and discharge its shared said DRAM internal memory some, to obtain sufficient available memory space;
14) the mirror image index record based on this process in the said mirror image index area loads the relevant PCB controll block mirror back-up data of this process write operation in said DRAM internal memory;
15) carry out follow-up reading and writing operation based on the relevant PCB controll block mirror back-up data of this process write operation that are loaded in the said DRAM internal memory;
16) discharge the relevant PCB controll block mirror back-up data of this application process write operation of preserving in the said mirror image data conservation zone;
The index record information of this process of 17) preserving in the said mirror image of the renewal index area;
18) wake up or start said process.
Alternatively, said novel non-volatile main memory is phase transition storage PCRAM, resistance-variable storing device R-RAM, magnetic store MRAM or ferroelectric memory FeRAM.
Alternatively, said process dormancy comprises system-level process dormancy and one process dormancy, and system-level process dormancy is system hibernates or makes when closing the application corresponding process get into dormant state; The one process dormancy is that single application process discharges shared cpu resource, hangs up to get into dormant state.
Alternatively,, during said system-level process dormancy, may further comprise the steps at least:
1) system closing or suspending command;
2) scan each Process Attributes in the said DRAM internal memory successively by process PID;
3) judge whether current process is application process, if, then go to step 5), if not, then get into next step;
4) this process is a system process, need not to back up the PCB controll block information of current process, and goes to step 15);
5) judge whether the current application process needs to hang up, if then go to step 7), if not, then gets into next step;
6) this application process is the needs rev down process rev, need not to back up current process in the PCB of said DRAM internal memory controll block information, and goes to step 17);
7) suspend process mirror image data backup preservation situation in the said process mirror back-up of the scanning district;
8) judge the index record of whether preserving this process in the said process mirror image index area, if then go to step 16), if not, then get into next step;
9) this application process is based on the process of said DRAM internal storage starting; Its running state information all is stored in the DRAM internal memory, and this application process is hung up and need be preserved the relevant whole PCB controll block data of this process work at present state to process mirror back-up district when displacing internal memory;
10) judge whether the satisfied storage block of depositing the backup of current application process mirror image data is arranged in the said process mirror back-up district, if, then go to step 12), if not, then get into next step;
11) move, put in order, merge the discrete storage block in the said process mirror image data backup area, with storage availability piece in forming continuously;
12) preserve current process mirror back-up data based on continuous in the said process mirror image data backup area, storage availability piece;
13) upgrade the concordance list of preserving in the said process mirror image index area, the index record that PCB index indications, backup PCB controll block storage start address and length with current process are formed adds in the concordance list;
14) preserve the corresponding PCB controll block data of this process work at present state in the appropriate address of the mirror image data conservation zone of this process index record appointment;
15) judge that whether process is by whole scannings, if then go to step 21 in the said DRAM internal memory), if not, then go to step 2);
16) this process is the process that starts based on said process mirror back-up district original position; When carrying out write operation, loading relevant write operation data carries out to said DRAM internal memory continued; This process only part PCB controll block data in said DRAM internal memory; Said process is hung up and is needed the Backup Data of this process in the data in the said DRAM internal memory and the data backup district is merged preservation when displacing internal memory, then go in the step 10);
17) suspend process mirror image data backup preservation situation in the said process mirror back-up of the scanning district;
18) judge whether said process mirror image index area preserves the index record of this process, if then go to step 19), if not, then go to step 15);
19) the PCB controll block mirror back-up data of this process in the said mirror image data of the release conservation zone;
The index record information of this process of 20) preserving in the said mirror image of the deletion index area goes to step 15);
21) system closing or dormancy.
Alternatively, during said one process dormancy, may further comprise the steps at least:
1) process is hung up or shutdown command;
2) judge whether current process is moved in said DRAM internal memory, if, then get into next step, if not, then go to step 16);
3) the said DRAM internal memory operating position of scanning;
4) judge whether current process need close, if, then get into next step, if not, then go to step 6);
5) system discharges the PCB controll block relevant information of the current process of preserving among the said DRAM, and goes to step 22);
6) this process is hung up, and judges whether to displace internal memory, if, then get into next step, if not, then go to step 26);
7) suspend process mirror image data backup preservation situation in the said process mirror back-up of the scanning district;
8) judge whether said process mirror image index area preserves the index record of this process, if, then go to step 15), if not, then get into next step;
9) this application process is based on the process of said DRAM internal storage starting; Its running state information all is stored in this DRAM internal memory, and said process is hung up and need be preserved the relevant whole PCB controll block data of this process work at present state to said process mirror back-up district when displacing internal memory;
10) judge whether said process mirror back-up district has the satisfied storage block of depositing the backup of current application process mirror image data, if, then go to step 12), if not, then get into next step;
11) move, put in order, merge the discrete storage block in the said process mirror image data backup area, with storage availability piece in forming continuously;
12) preserve current process mirror back-up data based on continuous in the said process mirror image data backup area, storage availability piece;
13) upgrade the concordance list of preserving in the said process mirror image index area, the index record that PCB index indications, backup PCB controll block storage start address and length with current process are formed adds in the said concordance list;
14) preserve the corresponding PCB controll block information of this process work at present state in the appropriate address of the mirror image data conservation zone of this process index record appointment, and go to step 26);
15) this process is the process that starts based on said process mirror back-up district original position; When carrying out write operation, loading relevant write operation data carries out to said DRAM internal memory continued; This process only part PCB controll block information in DRAM; Said process is hung up and is needed the Backup Data of the data in this DRAM internal memory and this process of data backup district is merged preservation when displacing internal memory, then change in the step 10);
16) current process is based on the process of said mirror back-up district operation, the relevant information when then before said mirror image index area and mirror image data backup area are preserved this process, once hanging up;
17) judge whether current process need close, if then go to step 20), if not, then get into next step;
18) upgrade the corresponding index record of current process based on current process at the work state information of said mirror image data backup area operation in said mirror image index area;
The characteristic of 19) not losing based on said novel nonvolatile memory power down data, the corresponding PCB controll block of current process duty information is stored in said mirror image data backup area automatically, and goes to progressive rapid 26);
20) the PCB controll block mirror back-up data of this process in the said mirror image data of the release conservation zone;
The index record information of this process of 21) preserving in the said mirror image of the deletion index area, and go to progressive rapid 26);
22) suspend process mirror image data backup preservation situation in the said process mirror back-up of the scanning district
23) judge whether said process mirror image index area preserves the index record of this process, if, then get into next step, if not, then go to step 26);
24) the PCB controll block mirror back-up data of this process in the said mirror image data of the release conservation zone;
The index record information of this process of 25) preserving in the said mirror image of the deletion index area;
26) close or the said process of dormancy.
In addition, another object of the present invention provides a kind of embedded system based on novel storer, comprises at least:
Cpu controller, novel nonvolatile memory and DRAM internal memory;
Said novel nonvolatile memory is made up of boot memory block, kernel memory block, file system storage section and process mirror back-up district;
Said process mirror back-up zoning branch has mirror image index area and mirror image data conservation zone;
Said mirror image index area is used for preserving process mirror image concordance list, and said process mirror image concordance list is used for writing down the corresponding process control block (PCB) index indications of suspend process and writes down start address and the length that the corresponding process control block (PCB) of said process is stored in said mirror image data conservation zone; Said mirror image data conservation zone is used for preserving the Backup Data of the pairing process control block (PCB) of suspend process.
Alternatively, said novel nonvolatile memory is phase transition storage PCRAM, resistance-variable storing device R-RAM, magnetic store MRAM or ferroelectric memory FeRAM.
As stated, the dormancy and the awakening method of a kind of embedded system and process thereof based on novel storer of the present invention have following beneficial effect:
This embedded system has mirror image index area and mirror image data conservation zone with the process mirror back-up zoning branch of the storage architecture of novel nonvolatile memory and DRAM internal memory formation; Can realize that application process suspends to this novel nonvolatile memory; The mirror back-up data of preserving when hanging up based on process realize the preceding duty of the fast quick-recovery hang-up of application process; With the process is that unit reduces system hibernates, the workload when waking up; Based on embedded system process provided by the invention dormancy and the method feasible system level of waking up and the dormancy of one process; Make the process dormancy, wake up management more flexibly, convenient, the shared a large amount of storage spaces of data backup in the time of can reducing workload and the system hibernates of data backup and recovery of traditional embedded system dormancy awakening, thus the quick dormancy that realizes the embedded system process with wake up.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is shown as among the present invention the Embedded System Structure synoptic diagram based on novel storer.
Fig. 2 is shown as the embedded system one process dormancy method schematic flow sheet based on novel storer of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is shown as the embedded system level multi-process dormancy method schematic flow sheet based on novel storer of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is shown as the embedded system process awakening method schematic flow sheet based on novel storer of the present invention.
The element numbers explanation
1 cpu controller
2 novel nonvolatile memorys
20 Bootloader (boot memory block)
2 1Kernel (kernel memory block)
2 2Rootfs (file system storage section)
23 process mirror memory areas
230 mirror image index areas
231 mirror image data conservation zones
S1～S22, S31～S51, S61～S78 step
Embodiment
Below through specific instantiation embodiment of the present invention is described, those skilled in the art can understand other advantages of the present invention and effect easily by the content that this instructions disclosed.The present invention can also implement or use through other different embodiment, and each item details in this instructions also can be based on different viewpoints and application, carries out various modifications or change under the spirit of the present invention not deviating from.
See also Fig. 1 to Fig. 4.Need to prove; The diagram that is provided in the present embodiment is only explained basic conception of the present invention in a schematic way; Satisfy only show in graphic with the present invention in relevant assembly but not component count, shape and plotted when implementing according to reality; Kenel, quantity and the ratio of each assembly can be a kind of random change during its actual enforcement, and its assembly layout kenel also maybe be more complicated.
Of Fig. 1; The present invention provides a kind of embedded system based on new memory; Said embedded system comprises cpu controller 1, novel nonvolatile memory 2 and DRAM internal memory 3 at least; Wherein, novel nonvolatile memory 2 is made up of boot memory block 20, kernel memory block 21, file system storage section 22 and process mirror back-up district 23; Said process mirror back-up district 23 divides has mirror image index area 230 and mirror image data conservation zone 231; Said mirror image index area 230 is used for preserving process mirror image concordance list, and said process mirror image concordance list is used for writing down the corresponding PCB index indications of suspend process and writes down start address and the length that the corresponding PCB of said process stores in said mirror image data conservation zone; Said mirror image data conservation zone 231 is used for preserving the Backup Data of the pairing PCB of suspend process.
Need to prove that novel non-volatile main memory is elected phase transition storage PCRAM as described in the present embodiment, but is not limited thereto, can also be nonvolatile memorys such as resistance-variable storing device R-RAM, magnetic store MRAM or ferroelectric memory FeRAM in other embodiments.
The embedded storage architecture system that novel nonvolatile memory is combined with the DRAM internal memory and constitutes based on the embedded system of novel storer of the present invention; In said novel nonvolatile memory, mark off a process mirror back-up district; Embedded system dormancy or only need in said process mirror back-up district, to preserve the status information of required application process when closing; And the status information of unwanted system process need not to preserve; Can reduce the workload of data backup and the storage space of saving Backup Data greatly, simultaneously said embedded system started fast.In addition; Can realize sharing of storage space based on the embedded storage system of said novel memory construction; Can adjust the size of each memory block according to demand, be convenient to realize the efficient operation of software upgrading and embedded device, can simplify cpu i/f simultaneously; Practice thrift the I/O pin number, can realize practicing thrift cost.Novel storer has and also has the characteristic that reads at random outside the non-volatile characteristic; When making the operation for embedded system application program; Can carry out in the local original position of application code storage; Carry out corresponding read operation; Load respective code when relating to write operation and get final product, and just can carry out corresponding read-write operation after need not as traditional embedded system, to need to copy in the DRAM from NAND FLASH application code, thereby the simplified system workload improves the operational efficiency of embedded system to the DRAM operation.
And the storage architecture that adopts NOR flash, NAND flash and DRAM internal memory to constitute in traditional and traditional embedded system; Different storeies adopts different physical interface and access protocal; Therefore CPU is different to the access interface of various storeies, access pins is different and access speed different; CPU can not visit dissimilar storeies simultaneously, has therefore caused the reduction of the operational efficiency of embedded system.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of dormancy and awakening method of the embedded system process based on novel storer.With reference to shown in Figure 1; Said embedded system comprises cpu controller 1, novel non-volatile primary memory 2 and DRAM internal memory 3 at least; Wherein, said novel nonvolatile memory 2 is made up of boot memory block 20, kernel memory block 21, file system storage section 22 and process mirror back-up district 23; Said process mirror back-up district 23 divides has mirror image index area 230 and mirror image data conservation zone 231.
The process dormancy then suspends to said novel nonvolatile memory 2 with this process, and system discharges its shared cpu resource; Maybe this process is closed, and system discharges this process pairing PCB controll block information data in said DRAM internal memory 3 and process mirror back-up district 23.
Comprise two kinds of situation during said process dormancy:
1) system-level multi-process dormancy.Said embedded system is closed or during dormancy, the PCB controll block data of preserving the application process that all hang-up need not to close in the current internal memory are to said mirror back-up district 23; The PCB controll block information of system process and the application process that need close need not backup in the current internal memory.
2) one process dormancy.Be that single application process discharges shared cpu resource, hang up and get into dormant state.If in system's operational process, when single application process was closed, system discharged this process pairing PCB controll block data in said DRAM internal memory 3 and process mirror back-up district 23.
When if this process is based on the process hang-up of process mirror back-up district 23 operations; Then upgrade this process manipulative indexing record; Based on the characteristic that said novel nonvolatile memory 2 power down data are not lost, this process can directly be hung up, and the PCB controll block data of current process are preserved automatically; If this process is when in said DRAM internal memory 3, moving; When the index record of this process is not preserved in said process mirror image index area 23; This running state of a process information all is stored in said DRAM internal memory 3; If internal memory is hung up and displaced to process, need to preserve the relevant whole PCB controll block information datas of this process work at present state to said process mirror back-up district 23; Otherwise just hang up this process, corresponding PCB controll block data still are retained in this DRAM internal memory 3 when advancing; When the index record of this process is preserved in said process mirror image index area 23; This process only part PCB information at said DRAM internal memory 3; If process is hung up also and withdrawed from internal memory, the index record that this processes in the said mirror image index area 230 then upgraded are corresponding also merges preservation with the Backup Data of this process in the data in the said DRAM internal memory 3 and the said mirror image data conservation zone 231; Otherwise just hang up this process, corresponding PCB controll block data still are retained in this DRAM internal memory when advancing.
Principle and effect for further illustrating one process dormancy of the present invention see also Fig. 2, and Fig. 2 is shown as the dormancy schematic flow sheet of embedded system one process of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 2, in step S1, user's Request System is to a certain process dormancy, and cpu controller 3 sends to be hung up or shutdown command, then gets among the next step S2.
S2: judge whether current process is moved in said DRAM internal memory 3, if, then get into next step S3, if not, then go to step S16.
S3: scan the operating position of said DRAM internal memory 3, then get into next step S4.
S4: judge whether current process need close, if, then get into next step S5, if not, then go to step S6.
S5: system discharges the PCB controll block relevant information of the current process of preserving in the said DRAM internal memory 3, and goes to step S22.
S6: this process is hung up, and judges whether to displace internal memory, if, then get into next step S7, if not, then go to step S26.
S7: scan suspend process mirror image data backup preservation situation in the said process mirror back-up district 23, then get into next step S8.
S8: judge whether said process mirror image index area 230 preserves the index record of this process, if, then go to step S15, if not, then get into next step S9.
S9: this process is based on the process that said DRAM internal memory 3 starts; Its running state information all is stored in this DRAM internal memory 3; Said process is hung up and need be preserved the relevant whole PCB controll block data of this process work at present state to said process mirror back-up district 23 when displacing internal memory, then gets into next step S10.
S10: judge whether said process mirror back-up district 23 has the satisfied storage block of depositing the backup of current application process mirror image data, if, then go to step S12, if not, then get into next step S11.
S11: move, put in order, merge the discrete storage block in the said process mirror image data backup area,, then get into next step S12 with storage availability piece in forming continuously.
S12: preserve current process mirror back-up data based on continuous in the said process mirror image data backup area 23, storage availability piece, then get among the next step S13.
S13: upgrade the concordance list of preserving in the said process mirror image index area 230, the index record that PCB index indications, backup PCB controll block storage start address and length with current process are formed adds in the said concordance list, then gets into next step S14.
S14: preserve the corresponding PCB controll block information of this process work at present state in the appropriate address of the mirror image data conservation zone 231 of this process index record appointment, and go to step S26.
S15: this process is the process that starts based on said process mirror back-up 23 original positions; When carrying out write operation, loading relevant write operation data carries out to said DRAM internal memory 3 continued; This process only part PCB controll block information in the DRAM internal memory; Said process is hung up and is needed the Backup Data of this process in the data in this DRAM internal memory 3 and the process mirror image data backup area 23 is merged preservation when displacing internal memory, then go to step S10.
S16: current process is based on the process of said mirror back-up district 23 operation, and the relevant information when then before this process is preserved in said mirror image index area 230 and mirror image data data field 231, once hanging up then gets into next step S17.
S17: judge whether current process need close, if, then go to step S20, if not, then get into next step S18.
S18: the work state information that in said mirror image data backup area 23, moves based on current process upgrades the corresponding index record of current process in said mirror image index area 230, then gets into next step S19.
S19: based on the characteristic that said novel nonvolatile memory 2 power down data are not lost, the corresponding PCB controll block of current process duty information is stored in said mirror image data backup area 23 automatically, and goes to progressive rapid S26.
S20: discharge the mirror back-up data of the PCB controll block of this process in the said mirror image data conservation zone 231, then get into step S21.
S21: delete the index record information of this process of preserving in the said mirror image index area 230, then get into step S26.
S22: scan suspend process mirror image data backup preservation situation in the said process mirror back-up district 23, then get into step S23.
S23: judge whether said process mirror image index area 230 preserves the index record of this process, if, then go to step S24, if not, then get into step S26.
S24: discharge the PCB controll block mirror back-up data of this process in the said mirror image data conservation zone, then get into next step S25;
S25: delete the index record information of this process of preserving in the said mirror image index area, then get into next step S26.
S26: close or the said process of dormancy.
In this step, to accomplish the preceding duty of dormancy and preserve, this moment, this process can get into dormant state.By on can know; When only individual process is hung up; Whether the attribute decision according to this process backs up its work at present state related data to said novel nonvolatile memory 2, and the one process dormancy realizes with the process being that unit reduces system power dissipation, makes process dormancy management more flexible.
During the dormancy of embedded system level process, relate to closing and dormancy of multi-process among the present invention.At this moment; System will preserve all hang-up in the current internal memory but the corresponding PCB information of duty of the application process that need not to close to mirror back-up district 23, the corresponding PCB information of duty of system process and the application process that need close need not backup in the current internal memory.
For further illustrating the principle and the effect of embedded system level process of the present invention dormancy, see also Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is shown as embedded system level dormancy schematic flow sheet of the present invention.
In step S31, cpu controller sends system and hangs up or shutdown command, then gets among the next step S32.
S32: scan each Process Attributes in the said DRAM internal memory successively by process PID, then get into next step S33.
S33: judge whether current process is application process, if, then go to step S35, if not, then get into next step S34.
S34: this process is a system process, need not to back up the PCB controll block information of current process, and goes to step S45.
S35: judge whether current process needs to hang up, if, then go to step S37, if not, then get into next step S36.
S36: this application process is the needs rev down process rev, need not to back up the PCB controll block information of current process, and goes to step S47.
S37: scan suspend process mirror image data backup preservation situation in the said process mirror back-up district 23, then get into next step S38.
S38: judge the index record of whether preserving this process in the said process mirror image index area 231, if, then go to step S46, if not, then get into next step S39.
S39: this process is based on the process that said DRAM internal memory 3 starts; Its running state information all is stored in DRAM internal memory 3; This process is hung up and need be preserved the relevant whole PCB controll block data of this process work at present state to process mirror back-up district 23 when displacing internal memory, then gets into next step S40.
S40: judge whether to have in the said process mirror back-up district 23 and satisfy the storage block of depositing the backup of current process mirror image data, if, then go to step S42, if not, then get into next step S41.
S41: move, put in order, merge the discrete storage block in the said process mirror image data backup area 23,, then get into next step S42 with storage availability piece in forming continuously.
S42: preserve current process mirror back-up data based on continuous in the said process mirror image data backup area 23, storage availability piece, then get into next step S43.
S43: upgrade the concordance list of preserving in the said process mirror image index area 231, the index record that PCB index indications, backup PCB controll block storage start address and length with current process are formed adds in the concordance list, then gets into next step S44.
S44: preserve the corresponding PCB controll block data of this process work at present state in the appropriate address of the mirror image data conservation zone 231 of this process index record appointment, then get into next step S45.
S45: in the said DRAM internal memory process whether by whole scannings, if, then go to step S51, if not, then go to step S32.
S46: this process is the process that starts based on said process mirror back-up district 23 original positions; When carrying out write operation, loading relevant write operation data carries out to said DRAM internal memory 3 continued; This process only part PCB controll block data in said DRAM internal memory 3; Said process is hung up and is needed the Backup Data of this process in the data in the said DRAM internal memory 3 and the mirror image data conservation zone 231 is merged preservation when displacing internal memory, then get into next step S40.
S47: scan suspend process mirror image data backup preservation situation in the said process mirror back-up district 23, then get into next step S48.
S48: judge whether said process mirror image index area 231 preserves the index record of this process, if, then get into next step S49, if not, get into next step S45.
S49: discharge the PCB controll block mirror back-up data of this process in the said mirror image data conservation zone, then get into next step S50.
S50: delete the index record information of this process of preserving in the said mirror image index area, then go among the step S45.
S51: in this step, the duty of accomplishing before said embedded system is hung up or closed is preserved, and this moment, system can get into dormancy or closed condition.
By on can know; During embedded system level dormancy of the present invention; Only the status information with the application process of required hang-up suspends in the said novel nonvolatile memory 2; And the status information of the application process that need close and system process need not backup, can reduce the workload of data backup and the storage space of saving Backup Data greatly.
To the dormancy method of embedded system process among the present invention, then process is waken the three kinds of situation that comprise up:
1) wakes this process up based on the corresponding PCB controll block of the current process data of preserving in the said DRAM internal memory 3.
2) wake the process of hang-up up based on the process mirror back-up data in the said process mirror back-up district 23; If do not preserve the index record of preserving this process in current process corresponding PCB controll block data and the process mirror back-up district 23 in the DRAM internal memory 3; The PCB controll block Backup Data of this process of preserving in the index record of this process of then preserving according to said process mirror image index area 230 and the mirror image data conservation zone 231 starts this application process based on said novel storer 2 random access characteristic original positions, and quickly recovers to the duty before this process is hung up.
If only carry out read operation behind this process initiation then directly in this this process of process memory block operation; If relate to write operation in the process implementation; Then load the relevant PCB controll block information of current process write operation to said DRAM internal memory 3; In DRAM internal memory 3, carry out follow-up reading and writing operation, and discharge this application processes in the mirror image data conservation zone 231 and be loaded into relevant PCB controll block mirror back-up data of write operation among this DRAM internal memory 3 and the index record information of upgrading this process of preserving in the said mirror image index area 230.
3) directly restart a process, promptly during the associated storage information when all this process is hung up said DRAM internal memory 3 and process mirror back-up district 23, the storage code that directly loads this application program starts this application process in said DARM internal memory 3.
Wake principle and effect up for what further illustrate the process of embedded system described in the present invention, see also Fig. 4, Fig. 4 is shown as the schematic flow sheet that wakes up of said embedded system process of the present invention.
S61: system sends and wakes up or start application process order, then gets among the step S62.
S62: scan proceeding internal memory information preservation situation in the said DRAM internal memory 3, then get among the step S63.
S63: judge that whether preserving this process in the said DRAM internal memory 3 hangs up the preceding corresponding PCB controll block of duty relevant information, if, then get into next step S64, if not, then go to step S65.
S64: hang up preceding PCB controll block relevant information based on this process in the said DRAM internal memory 3 and wake this process up, quickly recover to the duty before this process is hung up, then go to step S78.
S65: scan suspend process mirror image data backup preservation situation in the said process mirror back-up district 23, then get into next step S66.
S66: judge the mirror image index record of whether preserving this process in the said mirror image index area 230, if, then go to step S68, if not, then get into next step S67.
S67: directly, then go to step S78 from restarting this process.
S68: mirror image index record and mirror back-up data original position based on novel storer 2 random access characteristics and this process start this process, are returned to the duty before hanging up fast, then get into next step S69.
S69: judge in this process implementation whether write operation is arranged, if, then get into next step S70, then go to step S78 if not.
S70: upgrade the corresponding index record of preservation current process based on current process at the work state information of said mirror image data backup area 23 operations, then get into next step S71 in said mirror image index area 230.
S71: the relevant PCB controll block Backup Data of write operation that loads current process arrives said DRAM internal memory 3, in this DRAM internal memory 3, carries out follow-up reading and writing behaviour, then gets into next step S72.
Whether S72: judging has available memory space to load the relevant PCB controll block backup information of this process write operation in the said DRAM internal memory 3, if, then go to step S74, if not, then get into next step S73.
S73: with the use of hanging up in the said DRAM internal memory 3 frequent relatively but suspension time surpasses the PCB controll block relevant information of the process of certain hour section backups to said mirror back-up district 23 and discharge its shared said DRAM internal memory 3; Or directly use relatively not frequent application process to close some and discharge its shared said DRAM internal memory 3; To obtain sufficient available memory space, then get into next step S74.
S74: the mirror image index record based on this process in the said mirror image index area 230 loads the relevant PCB controll block mirror back-up data of this process write operation in said DRAM internal memory 3, then gets into next step S75.
S75: the relevant PCB controll block mirror back-up data of this process write operation based on being loaded in the said DRAM internal memory 3 are carried out follow-up reading and writing operation, then get into next step S76.
S76: discharge the relevant PCB controll block mirror back-up data of this application process write operation of preserving in the said mirror image data conservation zone 231, then get into next step S77.
S77: upgrade the index record information of this process of preserving in the said mirror image index area 230, then get into next step S78.
S78: accomplish waking up or starting of said process; By on can know; When process is waken up, duty before the fast quick-recovery of the mirror back-up data implementation process of preserving when hanging up based on this process is hung up, the workload when being unit reduction system wake-up with the process; Improve the speed of system wake-up, improved work efficiency.
In sum; The present invention provides a kind of embedded system and the dormancy of process and method of waking up based on novel storer; This embedded system constitutes storage architecture by novel non-volatile primary memory and DRAM internal memory; Said novel nonvolatile memory is made up of boot memory block, kernel memory block, file system storage section and process mirror back-up district again; Wherein, process mirror back-up zoning branch has mirror image index area and mirror image data conservation zone, can realize that application process suspends to this novel nonvolatile memory; The mirror back-up data of preserving when hanging up based on application process realize the preceding duty of the fast quick-recovery hang-up of application process, are that unit reduces system hibernates, the workload when waking up with the process.The dormancy of feasible system level of the present invention and one process; Make the process dormancy, wake management up more flexibly, conveniently; The shared a large amount of storage spaces of data backup in the time of can reducing workload and the system hibernates of traditional embedded system dormancy and the data backup that wakes up and recovery, thus the operational efficiency of embedded system improved.So the present invention has effectively overcome various shortcoming of the prior art and the tool high industrial utilization.
The foregoing description is illustrative principle of the present invention and effect thereof only, but not is used to limit the present invention.Any be familiar with this technological personage all can be under spirit of the present invention and category, the foregoing description is modified or is changed.Therefore, have common knowledge the knowledgeable in the affiliated such as technical field, must contain by claim of the present invention not breaking away from all equivalence modifications of being accomplished under disclosed spirit and the technological thought or changing.
Claims (8)
1. embedded system dormancy and awakening method based on a novel storer; Said embedded system comprises cpu controller, novel nonvolatile memory and DRAM internal memory at least; Wherein, Said novel nonvolatile memory is made up of boot memory block, kernel memory block, file system storage section and process mirror back-up district, it is characterized in that:
Said process mirror back-up zoning is divided into mirror image index area and mirror image data conservation zone;
Process is hung up, and then this process discharges cpu resource entering dormant state;
During said process dormancy, the corresponding whole PCB controll block information datas of this process work at present state are saved in the said process mirror back-up district, promptly said process suspends to said nonvolatile memory; Or will be in said DRAM internal memory in this process work at present state corresponding part PCB controll block information data and the process mirror back-up district Backup Data of this process merge and be saved in the said process mirror back-up district, promptly said process suspends to said nonvolatile memory; Or said its shared cpu resource of process release, the corresponding PCB clamp dog of this process work at present state information still is retained in the said DRAM internal memory; Perhaps application process is closed and is withdrawed from, and discharges shared cpu resource and DRAM memory headroom.
Process is waken up, and then this process obtains the cpu resource entering or the state of resuming work;
When said process is waken up, hang up preceding PCB controll block relevant information based on this process in the said DRAM internal memory and wake this process up; Or based on said novel this process of nonvolatile memory random access characteristic original position startup; Or directly restart a process, promptly during the associated storage information when all this process is hung up in the said DRAM internal memory and mirror back-up district, directly the storage code based on said process corresponding application program starts this process.
2. embedded system dormancy and awakening method based on novel storer according to claim 1 is characterized in that, when said embedded system process is waken up, may further comprise the steps at least:
1) system wake-up or the order of startup application process;
2) proceeding internal memory information is preserved situation in the said DRAM internal memory of scanning;
3) judge that whether preserving this process in the said DRAM internal memory hangs up the preceding corresponding PCB controll block of duty relevant information, if, then get into next step, if not, then go to step 5);
4) hang up preceding PCB controll block relevant information based on this process in the said DRAM internal memory and wake this process up, quickly recover to the duty before this process is hung up, then go to step 18);
5) suspend process mirror image data backup preservation situation in the said process mirror back-up of the scanning district;
6) judge the mirror image index record of whether preserving this process in the said mirror image index area, if, then go to step 8), if not, then get into next step;
7) directly from restarting this application process, then go to step 18);
8) start this application process based on said novel nonvolatile memory random access characteristic original position, and quickly recover to the duty before this process is hung up;
9) judge in this process implementation whether write operation is arranged, if, then get into next step, then go to step 18 if not);
10) upgrade the corresponding index record of preservation current process based on current process at the work state information of said mirror image data backup area operation in said mirror image index area;
11) the relevant PCB controll block Backup Data of write operation that loads current process arrives said DRAM internal memory, in this DRAM internal memory, carries out follow-up reading and writing behaviour;
12) judge whether have available memory space to load the relevant PCB controll block backup information of this process write operation in the said DRAM internal memory, if, then go to step 14), if not, then get into next step;
13) with the use of hanging up in the said DRAM internal memory frequent relatively but suspension time surpasses the PCB controll block relevant information of the process of certain hour section backups to said mirror back-up district and discharge its shared said DRAM internal memory; Or directly use relatively not frequent application process to close and discharge its shared said DRAM internal memory some, to obtain sufficient available memory space;
14) the mirror image index record based on this process in the said mirror image index area loads the relevant PCB controll block mirror back-up data of this process write operation in said DRAM internal memory;
15) carry out follow-up reading and writing operation based on the relevant PCB controll block mirror back-up data of this process write operation that are loaded in the said DRAM internal memory;
16) discharge the relevant PCB controll block mirror back-up data of this application process write operation of preserving in the said mirror image data conservation zone;
The index record information of this process of 17) preserving in the said mirror image of the renewal index area;
18) wake up or start said process.
3. embedded system dormancy and awakening method based on novel storer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said novel non-volatile main memory is phase transition storage PCRAM, resistance-variable storing device R-RAM, magnetic store MRAM or ferroelectric memory FeRAM.
4. embedded system dormancy and awakening method based on novel storer according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said process dormancy comprises system-level process dormancy and one process dormancy, and system-level process dormancy is system hibernates or makes when closing the application corresponding process get into dormant state; The one process dormancy is that single application process discharges shared cpu resource, hangs up to get into dormant state.
5. embedded system dormancy and awakening method based on novel storer according to claim 4 is characterized in that, during said system-level process dormancy, may further comprise the steps at least:
1) system closing or suspending command;
2) scan each Process Attributes in the said DRAM internal memory successively by process PID;
3) judge whether current process is application process, if, then go to step 5), if not, then get into next step;
4) this process is a system process, need not to back up the PCB controll block information of current process, and goes to step 15);
5) judge whether the current application process needs to hang up, if then go to step 7), if not, then gets into next step;
6) this application process is the needs rev down process rev, need not to back up current process in the PCB of said DRAM internal memory controll block information, and goes to step 17);
7) suspend process mirror image data backup preservation situation in the said process mirror back-up of the scanning district;
8) judge the index record of whether preserving this process in the said process mirror image index area, if then go to step 16), if not, then get into next step;
9) this application process is based on the process of said DRAM internal storage starting; Its running state information all is stored in the DRAM internal memory, and this application process is hung up and need be preserved the relevant whole PCB controll block data of this process work at present state to process mirror back-up district when displacing internal memory;
10) judge whether the satisfied storage block of depositing the backup of current application process mirror image data is arranged in the said process mirror back-up district, if, then go to step 12), if not, then get into next step;
11) move, put in order, merge the discrete storage block in the said process mirror image data backup area, with storage availability piece in forming continuously;
12) preserve current process mirror back-up data based on continuous in the said process mirror image data backup area, storage availability piece;
13) upgrade the concordance list of preserving in the said process mirror image index area, the index record that PCB index indications, backup PCB controll block storage start address and length with current process are formed adds in the concordance list;
14) preserve the corresponding PCB controll block data of this process work at present state in the appropriate address of the mirror image data conservation zone of this process index record appointment;
15) judge that whether process is by whole scannings, if then go to step 21 in the said DRAM internal memory), if not, then go to step 2);
16) this process is the process that starts based on said process mirror back-up district original position; When carrying out write operation, loading relevant write operation data carries out to said DRAM internal memory continued; This process only part PCB controll block data in said DRAM internal memory; Said process is hung up and is needed the Backup Data of this process in the data in the said DRAM internal memory and the data backup district is merged preservation when displacing internal memory, then go in the step 10);
17) suspend process mirror image data backup preservation situation in the said process mirror back-up of the scanning district;
18) judge whether said process mirror image index area preserves the index record of this process, if then go to step 19), if not, then go to step 15);
19) the PCB controll block mirror back-up data of this process in the said mirror image data of the release conservation zone;
The index record information of this process of 20) preserving in the said mirror image of the deletion index area goes to step 15);
21) system closing or dormancy.
6. embedded system dormancy and awakening method based on novel storer according to claim 4 is characterized in that, during said one process dormancy, may further comprise the steps at least:
1) process is hung up or shutdown command;
2) judge whether current process is moved in said DRAM internal memory, if, then get into next step, if not, then go to step 16);
3) the said DRAM internal memory operating position of scanning;
4) judge whether current process need close, if, then get into next step, if not, then go to step 6);
5) system discharges the PCB controll block relevant information of the current process of preserving among the said DRAM, and goes to step 22);
6) this process is hung up, and judges whether to displace internal memory, if, then get into next step, if not, then go to step 26);
7) suspend process mirror image data backup preservation situation in the said process mirror back-up of the scanning district;
8) judge whether said process mirror image index area preserves the index record of this process, if, then go to step 15), if not, then get into next step;
9) this application process is based on the process of said DRAM internal storage starting; Its running state information all is stored in this DRAM internal memory, and said process is hung up and need be preserved the relevant whole PCB controll block data of this process work at present state to said process mirror back-up district when displacing internal memory;
10) judge whether said process mirror back-up district has the satisfied storage block of depositing the backup of current application process mirror image data, if, then go to step 12), if not, then get into next step;
11) move, put in order, merge the discrete storage block in the said process mirror image data backup area, with storage availability piece in forming continuously;
12) preserve current process mirror back-up data based on continuous in the said process mirror image data backup area, storage availability piece;
13) upgrade the concordance list of preserving in the said process mirror image index area, the index record that PCB index indications, backup PCB controll block storage start address and length with current process are formed adds in the said concordance list;
14) preserve the corresponding PCB controll block information of this process work at present state in the appropriate address of the mirror image data conservation zone of this process index record appointment, and go to step 26);
15) this process is the process that starts based on said process mirror back-up district original position; When carrying out write operation, loading relevant write operation data carries out to said DRAM internal memory continued; This process only part PCB controll block information in DRAM; Said process is hung up and is needed the Backup Data of the data in this DRAM internal memory and this process of data backup district is merged preservation when displacing internal memory, then change in the step 10);
16) current process is based on the process of said mirror back-up district operation, the relevant information when then before said mirror image index area and mirror image data backup area are preserved this process, once hanging up;
17) judge whether current process need close, if then go to step 20), if not, then get into next step;
18) upgrade the corresponding index record of current process based on current process at the work state information of said mirror image data backup area operation in said mirror image index area;
The characteristic of 19) not losing based on said novel nonvolatile memory power down data, the corresponding PCB controll block of current process duty information is stored in said mirror image data backup area automatically, and goes to progressive rapid 26);
20) the PCB controll block mirror back-up data of this process in the said mirror image data of the release conservation zone;
The index record information of this process of 21) preserving in the said mirror image of the deletion index area, and go to progressive rapid 26);
22) suspend process mirror image data backup preservation situation in the said process mirror back-up of the scanning district
23) judge whether said process mirror image index area preserves the index record of this process, if, then get into next step, if not, then go to step 26);
24) the PCB controll block mirror back-up data of this process in the said mirror image data of the release conservation zone;
The index record information of this process of 25) preserving in the said mirror image of the deletion index area;
26) close or the said process of dormancy.
7. the embedded system based on novel storer is characterized in that, said embedded system comprises at least: cpu controller, novel nonvolatile memory and DRAM internal memory;
Said novel nonvolatile memory is made up of boot memory block, kernel memory block, file system storage section and process mirror back-up district;
Said process mirror back-up zoning branch has mirror image index area and mirror image data conservation zone;
Said mirror image index area is used for preserving process mirror image concordance list, and said process mirror image concordance list is used for writing down the corresponding process control block (PCB) index indications of suspend process and writes down start address and the length that the corresponding process control block (PCB) of said process is stored in said mirror image data conservation zone; Said mirror image data conservation zone is used for preserving the Backup Data of the pairing process control block (PCB) of suspend process.
8. the embedded system based on novel storer according to claim 7 is characterized in that: said novel nonvolatile memory is phase transition storage PCRAM, resistance-variable storing device R-RAM, magnetic store MRAM or ferroelectric memory FeRAM.
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