US20110110806A1 - Electrically connecting blower to power supply stage providing higher voltage - Google Patents
Electrically connecting blower to power supply stage providing higher voltage Download PDFInfo
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- US20110110806A1 US20110110806A1 US12/614,719 US61471909A US2011110806A1 US 20110110806 A1 US20110110806 A1 US 20110110806A1 US 61471909 A US61471909 A US 61471909A US 2011110806 A1 US2011110806 A1 US 2011110806A1
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- blower
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 241001061137 Caulophrynidae Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/003—Constructional details, e.g. physical layout, assembly, wiring or busbar connections
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
- Y10T29/49236—Fluid pump or compressor making
- Y10T29/49245—Vane type or other rotary, e.g., fan
Definitions
- the present invention relates generally to a system including a blower, and more particularly to electrically connecting the blower to an internal stage of a power supply of the system that provides a higher voltage as compared to a stage of the power supply that provides a lower voltage.
- Computing devices and computing systems including computing devices typically include a large number of components that generate heat. This heat can be destructive, causing the internal temperatures of the devices and systems to rise to a level in which the components begin to fail. Therefore, such computing devices and computing systems typically include blowers to overcome internal back pressure to externally exhaust the heat, so that the heat does not result in failure of the components of the devices and systems.
- a system of an embodiment of the invention includes an alternating current-to-direct current (AC-to-DC) power supply and a blower.
- the AC-to-DC power supply has a first stage that provides a first DC voltage and a second stage that provides a second DC voltage.
- the second DC voltage is much less than the first DC voltage.
- the blower is electrically connected to the output of the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply to receive the first DC voltage from the AC-to-DC power supply to power the blower.
- a method of an embodiment of the invention provides an AC-to-DC power supply having a first stage and a second stage.
- the first stage provides a first DC voltage and the second stage provides a second DC voltage that is less than the first DC voltage.
- the method provides a blower, and electrically connects the blower to the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply for the blower to receive the first DC voltage from the AC-to-DC power supply to power the blower.
- a blower of an embodiment of the invention includes a motor, an electrical connector, and a number of fan fins.
- the motor has an electrical connector to connect to a first stage of an AC-to-DC power supply that provides a first DC voltage for the blower to receive the first DC voltage to power the motor.
- the fan fins are connected to and rotated by the motor.
- the AC-to-DC power supply further has a second stage that provides a second DC voltage less than the first DC voltage.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram of a system in which a blower is connected to a first stage of a power supply and not to a second stage of the power supply, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram of a power supply, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram of a blower, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- computing devices and computing systems typically include blowers to externally exhaust the heat generated by components of the devices and the systems, so that the heat does not result in failure of these components.
- computing devices and computing systems include power supplies to convert alternating current (AC) power received from AC mains (e.g., by plugging the power supplies into wall outlets) to direct current (DC) power to power the components.
- the DC voltage provided by such power supplies is typically a relative low voltage, such as 12 volts, as compared to the relatively high AC voltage input into the power supplies, such as 110-120 volts or 205-240 volts.
- the blowers are conventionally powered by the relatively low DC voltages provided by the power supplies.
- a power supply In converting AC power to DC power, a power supply has a rated efficiency that is less than 100%. This means that a portion of the AC power that the power supply receives is not used to power components, but rather is dissipated, typically as heat, during conversion into the DC power having a relatively low DC voltage.
- An efficient power supply may have a rated efficiency of 92%, for example. This means that the power supply dissipates 8% of the power, and such dissipated power is lost, and not used to power the blower and other components. For example, a blower may require 800 watts of power to operate.
- a power supply having a rated efficiency of 92% dissipates about 70 watts to provide the blower with 800 watts, since 92% of roughly 870 is equal to 800. Therefore, even a relatively efficient power supply having a rated efficiency of 92% loses 70 watts of power to power a blower requiring 800 watts to operate.
- a power supply may have two stages: a first stage that provides a first DC voltage and a second stage that provides a second DC voltage.
- the second DC voltage may be 12 volts, such that the blower is conventionally connected to the second stage of the power supply (i.e., the primary output of the power supply) like other components, as described above.
- the first DC voltage may be significantly higher, such as 400 volts.
- the blower, or other components is connected to the second stage of the power supply.
- the inventor has defied convention in this respect, and has connected the blower to the first stage of the power supply instead of to the second stage of the power supply.
- the blower receives the higher first DC voltage, such as 400 volts, instead of the lower second DC voltage, such as 12 volts, from the power supply.
- the inventor has inventively recognized that the efficiency in providing the higher first DC voltage at the first stage is greater than the efficiency in providing the lower second DC voltage at the second stage of the power supply. Therefore, electrically connecting the blower to the first stage of the power supply instead of to the second stage wastes less power and is more efficient.
- the efficiency in providing the higher first DC voltage at the first stage may be 98%, whereas the efficiency in providing the lower second DC voltage at the second stage of the power supply is lower, such as 92%.
- the efficiency at the second stage of the power supply is lower because the first stage directly connects to the AC mains to generate the first DC voltage from the AC voltage at a first given power loss, and the second stage directly connects to the first stage to generate the second DC voltage from the first DC voltage at a second given power loss.
- the efficiency at the second stage of the power supply therefore cannot theoretically be any greater than the efficiency at the first stage, and in actuality is lower than the efficiency at the first stage of the power supply, since it encompasses both the first and the second given power losses, plus higher conductor losses due to higher current at lower voltage.
- One inventive contribution of the inventor therefore, is that while power supplies convert an AC voltage to an output DC voltage, like 12 volts, such power supplies may first internally convert the AC voltage to a higher DC voltage, like 400 volts, before converting this higher DC voltage to the output DC voltage.
- a higher DC voltage like 400 volts
- the inner workings of power supplies are ignored when connecting blowers and components of computing devices and computing systems to the power supplies. That is, insofar as a power supply is said to provide a number of given number of watts at 12 volts at a given efficiency, a blower and other components are simply connected to the power supply to receive power at 12 volts from the power supply.
- a power supply may have a number of stages to convert an AC voltage to an output DC voltage, like 12 volts, including an interim or initial stage in which the AC voltage is first converted to a higher DC voltage, like 400 volts. Therefore, the inventor recognized that the higher DC voltage of the interim or initial stage may unconventionally be employed to power a high-wattage blower at a higher efficiency.
- the higher DC voltage provided at an earlier stage has greater efficiency than the lower DC voltage provided at a later stage of the power supply where the earlier stage is output to the later stage, as described above. Therefore, using the higher DC voltage of the interim or initial stage of the power supply to unconventionally power a high-wattage blower is more efficient than employing the conventional output of the last stage of the power supply to power such a blower.
- FIG. 1 shows a system 100 , according to an embodiment of the invention.
- the system 100 includes an AC-to-DC power supply 102 , a blower 104 , and a number of other components 106 .
- the blower 104 and the components 106 receive power from at least the power supply 102 to operate.
- the components 106 may include low voltage DC-DC regulators, computing devices, storage devices, and other types of devices and components that need electrical power to operate.
- the power supply 102 has a first stage 108 and a second stage 110 .
- the first stage 108 is electrically connected to AC mains 112 , such as via a cord plugging into a wall outlet.
- the AC mains 112 provide an AC voltage 114 to the first stage 108 .
- the AC voltage 114 may be 110-120 volts or 205-240 volts.
- the first stage 108 converts the AC voltage 114 received from the AC means 112 to a first DC voltage 116 , which may be 400 volts.
- the second stage 110 converts the first DC voltage 116 received from the first stage 108 to a second DC voltage 118 , which may be 12 volts.
- the blower 104 is electrically connected to the first stage 108 , and receives the first DC voltage 116 to power the blower 104 .
- the components 106 are electrically connected to the second stage 110 , and receive the second DC voltage 118 to power the components 106 . Therefore, the blower 104 is powered at a higher DC voltage than the components 106 are, because the first DC voltage 116 is greater than the second DC voltage 118 .
- the power supply 102 has a first efficiency at converting the AC voltage 114 to the first DC voltage 116 at the first stage 108 , and a second efficiency at converting the AC voltage to the second DC voltage 118 at the second stage 110 .
- the second efficiency is less than the first efficiency. This is because the second efficiency encompasses the power losses incurred by both the first stage 108 in converting the AC voltage 114 to the first DC voltage 116 and the power losses incurred by the second stage 118 in converting the first DC voltage 116 to the second DC voltage 118 . Therefore, electrically connecting the blower 104 to the first stage 108 instead of to the second stage 110 wastes less power and is more efficient.
- FIG. 2 shows the AC-to-DC power supply 102 in more detail, according to an embodiment of the invention.
- the power supply 102 includes the first stage 108 , the second stage 110 , as well as a pulse width modulator (PWM) 202 .
- the PWM 202 is depicted in FIG. 2 as being external to the first stage 108 and the second stage 110 . However, in other embodiments, the PWM 202 may be part of the first stage 108 , or part of the second stage 110 .
- the PWM 202 receives as an input feedback signal the second DC voltage 118 . When the second DC voltage 118 is greater than the desired DC voltage to be output by the second stage 110 , the PWM 202 outputs a pulse-width modulated control signal at a lower pulse width ratio. When the second DC voltage 118 is lower than the desired DC voltage, the PWM 202 outputs a pulse-width modulated control signal at a higher pulse width ratio.
- the first stage 108 converts the AC voltage 114 as input to the first DC voltage 116 as output.
- An electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) filter 204 filters the AC voltage 114 , and a rectifier 206 rectifies the AC voltage 114 after having been filtered.
- An inductor 208 and a diode 210 are connected in series to an output side of the rectifier 206 , and a capacitor 212 is connected between an output of the diode 210 and the rectifier 206 .
- a transistor 214 is connected between the inductor 208 and the diode 210 , and is also connected to of the rectifier 206 . The transistor 214 is opened and closed in a pulse width modulated manner, by the PWM 202 , to provide the first DC voltage 116 between the diode 210 and the capacitor 212 .
- the second stage 110 converts the first DC voltage 116 as input to the second DC voltage 118 as output.
- a transformer 216 having a first (input) coil 218 and a second (output) coil 220 .
- the first coil 218 is connected to the output of the first stage 108 .
- a diode 222 and an inductor 224 are connected in series to the second coil 220 .
- a capacitor 226 is connected to the inductor 224 and to the second coil 220 .
- Another diode 228 is connected between the diode 222 and the inductor 224 , and is also connected to the second coil 220 .
- a transistor 230 is connected to the first coil 218 . Like the transistor 214 , the transistor 230 is opened and closed in a pulse width modulated manner, by the PWM 202 , to provide the second DC voltage 118 between the inductor 224 and the capacitor 226 .
- FIG. 3 shows the blower 104 in more detail, according to an embodiment of the invention.
- the blower 104 includes a motor 302 and a number of fan fins 304 .
- the fan fins 304 are rotatably connected to the motor 302 . Therefore, power being applied to the motor 302 results in the fan fins 304 being rotated.
- the motor 302 includes an electrical connector 306 to connect to the first stage 108 of the AC-to-DC power supply 102 to receive the first DC voltage 116 from the first stage 108 to power the motor 302 and thus to rotate the fan fins 304 .
- FIG. 4 shows a method 400 , according to an embodiment of the invention.
- the AC-to-DC power supply 102 having the first stage 108 providing the first DC voltage 116 and the second stage 110 providing the second DC voltage 118 , is provided ( 402 ).
- the power supply 102 can include the components that have been described in relation to FIG. 2 .
- the blower 104 is also provided ( 404 ).
- the blower 104 can include the components that have been described in relation to FIG. 3 .
- the blower 104 is electrically connected to the first stage 108 to receive the first DC voltage 116 from the power supply 102 to power the blower 104 ( 406 ), instead of being connected to the second stage 110 to receive the second DC voltage 118 from the power supply 102 to power the blower 104 .
Abstract
An alternating current-to-direct current (AC-to-DC) power supply has a first stage providing a first DC voltage and a second stage providing a second DC voltage. The AC-to-DC power supply has a first efficiency at the first stage and a second efficiency at the second stage that is less than the first efficiency. The second DC voltage is also less than the first DC voltage. A blower is electrically connected to the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply to receive the first DC voltage from the AC-to-DC power supply to power the blower. Electrical connection of the blower to the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply instead of to the second stage of the AC-to-DC power supply wastes less power and is more efficient.
Description
- The present invention relates generally to a system including a blower, and more particularly to electrically connecting the blower to an internal stage of a power supply of the system that provides a higher voltage as compared to a stage of the power supply that provides a lower voltage.
- Computing devices and computing systems including computing devices typically include a large number of components that generate heat. This heat can be destructive, causing the internal temperatures of the devices and systems to rise to a level in which the components begin to fail. Therefore, such computing devices and computing systems typically include blowers to overcome internal back pressure to externally exhaust the heat, so that the heat does not result in failure of the components of the devices and systems.
- A system of an embodiment of the invention includes an alternating current-to-direct current (AC-to-DC) power supply and a blower. The AC-to-DC power supply has a first stage that provides a first DC voltage and a second stage that provides a second DC voltage. The second DC voltage is much less than the first DC voltage. The blower is electrically connected to the output of the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply to receive the first DC voltage from the AC-to-DC power supply to power the blower.
- A method of an embodiment of the invention provides an AC-to-DC power supply having a first stage and a second stage. The first stage provides a first DC voltage and the second stage provides a second DC voltage that is less than the first DC voltage. The method provides a blower, and electrically connects the blower to the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply for the blower to receive the first DC voltage from the AC-to-DC power supply to power the blower.
- A blower of an embodiment of the invention includes a motor, an electrical connector, and a number of fan fins. The motor has an electrical connector to connect to a first stage of an AC-to-DC power supply that provides a first DC voltage for the blower to receive the first DC voltage to power the motor. The fan fins are connected to and rotated by the motor. The AC-to-DC power supply further has a second stage that provides a second DC voltage less than the first DC voltage.
- The drawings referenced herein form a part of the specification. Features shown in the drawing are meant as illustrative of only some exemplary embodiments of the invention, and not of all embodiments of the invention, unless otherwise explicitly indicated, and implications to the contrary are otherwise not to be made.
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FIG. 1 is a diagram of a system in which a blower is connected to a first stage of a power supply and not to a second stage of the power supply, according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a power supply, according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 3 is a diagram of a blower, according to an embodiment of the present invention. -
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of a method, according to an embodiment of the present invention. - In the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which is shown by way of illustration specific exemplary embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention. Other embodiments may be utilized, and logical, mechanical, and other changes may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. The following detailed description is, therefore, not to be taken in a limiting sense, and the scope of the embodiment of the invention is defined only by the appended claims.
- As noted in the background, computing devices and computing systems typically include blowers to externally exhaust the heat generated by components of the devices and the systems, so that the heat does not result in failure of these components. In general, computing devices and computing systems include power supplies to convert alternating current (AC) power received from AC mains (e.g., by plugging the power supplies into wall outlets) to direct current (DC) power to power the components. The DC voltage provided by such power supplies is typically a relative low voltage, such as 12 volts, as compared to the relatively high AC voltage input into the power supplies, such as 110-120 volts or 205-240 volts. The blowers are conventionally powered by the relatively low DC voltages provided by the power supplies.
- In converting AC power to DC power, a power supply has a rated efficiency that is less than 100%. This means that a portion of the AC power that the power supply receives is not used to power components, but rather is dissipated, typically as heat, during conversion into the DC power having a relatively low DC voltage. An efficient power supply may have a rated efficiency of 92%, for example. This means that the power supply dissipates 8% of the power, and such dissipated power is lost, and not used to power the blower and other components. For example, a blower may require 800 watts of power to operate. A power supply having a rated efficiency of 92% dissipates about 70 watts to provide the blower with 800 watts, since 92% of roughly 870 is equal to 800. Therefore, even a relatively efficient power supply having a rated efficiency of 92% loses 70 watts of power to power a blower requiring 800 watts to operate.
- The inventor has developed an innovative solution to this problem, so that a power supply does not have to waste as much power to power a blower needing a relatively large number of watts to operate. A power supply may have two stages: a first stage that provides a first DC voltage and a second stage that provides a second DC voltage. The second DC voltage may be 12 volts, such that the blower is conventionally connected to the second stage of the power supply (i.e., the primary output of the power supply) like other components, as described above. However, the first DC voltage may be significantly higher, such as 400 volts. Normally, the blower, or other components, is connected to the second stage of the power supply.
- However, the inventor has defied convention in this respect, and has connected the blower to the first stage of the power supply instead of to the second stage of the power supply. As a result, the blower receives the higher first DC voltage, such as 400 volts, instead of the lower second DC voltage, such as 12 volts, from the power supply. The inventor has inventively recognized that the efficiency in providing the higher first DC voltage at the first stage is greater than the efficiency in providing the lower second DC voltage at the second stage of the power supply. Therefore, electrically connecting the blower to the first stage of the power supply instead of to the second stage wastes less power and is more efficient.
- For example, the efficiency in providing the higher first DC voltage at the first stage may be 98%, whereas the efficiency in providing the lower second DC voltage at the second stage of the power supply is lower, such as 92%. The efficiency at the second stage of the power supply is lower because the first stage directly connects to the AC mains to generate the first DC voltage from the AC voltage at a first given power loss, and the second stage directly connects to the first stage to generate the second DC voltage from the first DC voltage at a second given power loss. The efficiency at the second stage of the power supply therefore cannot theoretically be any greater than the efficiency at the first stage, and in actuality is lower than the efficiency at the first stage of the power supply, since it encompasses both the first and the second given power losses, plus higher conductor losses due to higher current at lower voltage.
- As noted above, electrically connecting an 800-watt blower to a 92% efficient power supply stage means that roughly 70 watts of power are wasted in powering the blower. However, connecting this blower to a 98% efficient power supply stage means that just roughly 16 watts of power are wasted in powering an 800-watt blower, since 98% of roughly 816 are equal to 800. As such, the inventive approach that has been developed can save 870−816=54 watts of power. For an organization having a large number of computing systems that are on all the time, saving 54 watts for each blower means that 473 kilowatt-hours of power are saved for each blower each year, which is a significant cost savings—typically greater on a yearly basis than the cost of the blower itself.
- One inventive contribution of the inventor, therefore, is that while power supplies convert an AC voltage to an output DC voltage, like 12 volts, such power supplies may first internally convert the AC voltage to a higher DC voltage, like 400 volts, before converting this higher DC voltage to the output DC voltage. Conventionally, the inner workings of power supplies are ignored when connecting blowers and components of computing devices and computing systems to the power supplies. That is, insofar as a power supply is said to provide a number of given number of watts at 12 volts at a given efficiency, a blower and other components are simply connected to the power supply to receive power at 12 volts from the power supply.
- However, the inventor inventively recognized that a power supply may have a number of stages to convert an AC voltage to an output DC voltage, like 12 volts, including an interim or initial stage in which the AC voltage is first converted to a higher DC voltage, like 400 volts. Therefore, the inventor recognized that the higher DC voltage of the interim or initial stage may unconventionally be employed to power a high-wattage blower at a higher efficiency. The higher DC voltage provided at an earlier stage has greater efficiency than the lower DC voltage provided at a later stage of the power supply where the earlier stage is output to the later stage, as described above. Therefore, using the higher DC voltage of the interim or initial stage of the power supply to unconventionally power a high-wattage blower is more efficient than employing the conventional output of the last stage of the power supply to power such a blower.
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FIG. 1 shows asystem 100, according to an embodiment of the invention. Thesystem 100 includes an AC-to-DC power supply 102, ablower 104, and a number ofother components 106. Theblower 104 and thecomponents 106 receive power from at least thepower supply 102 to operate. Thecomponents 106 may include low voltage DC-DC regulators, computing devices, storage devices, and other types of devices and components that need electrical power to operate. - The
power supply 102 has afirst stage 108 and asecond stage 110. Thefirst stage 108 is electrically connected toAC mains 112, such as via a cord plugging into a wall outlet. TheAC mains 112 provide anAC voltage 114 to thefirst stage 108. For example, theAC voltage 114 may be 110-120 volts or 205-240 volts. Thefirst stage 108 converts theAC voltage 114 received from the AC means 112 to afirst DC voltage 116, which may be 400 volts. Thesecond stage 110 converts thefirst DC voltage 116 received from thefirst stage 108 to asecond DC voltage 118, which may be 12 volts. - The
blower 104 is electrically connected to thefirst stage 108, and receives thefirst DC voltage 116 to power theblower 104. By comparison, thecomponents 106 are electrically connected to thesecond stage 110, and receive thesecond DC voltage 118 to power thecomponents 106. Therefore, theblower 104 is powered at a higher DC voltage than thecomponents 106 are, because thefirst DC voltage 116 is greater than thesecond DC voltage 118. - The
power supply 102 has a first efficiency at converting theAC voltage 114 to thefirst DC voltage 116 at thefirst stage 108, and a second efficiency at converting the AC voltage to thesecond DC voltage 118 at thesecond stage 110. The second efficiency is less than the first efficiency. This is because the second efficiency encompasses the power losses incurred by both thefirst stage 108 in converting theAC voltage 114 to thefirst DC voltage 116 and the power losses incurred by thesecond stage 118 in converting thefirst DC voltage 116 to thesecond DC voltage 118. Therefore, electrically connecting theblower 104 to thefirst stage 108 instead of to thesecond stage 110 wastes less power and is more efficient. -
FIG. 2 shows the AC-to-DC power supply 102 in more detail, according to an embodiment of the invention. Thepower supply 102 includes thefirst stage 108, thesecond stage 110, as well as a pulse width modulator (PWM) 202. ThePWM 202 is depicted inFIG. 2 as being external to thefirst stage 108 and thesecond stage 110. However, in other embodiments, thePWM 202 may be part of thefirst stage 108, or part of thesecond stage 110. ThePWM 202 receives as an input feedback signal thesecond DC voltage 118. When thesecond DC voltage 118 is greater than the desired DC voltage to be output by thesecond stage 110, thePWM 202 outputs a pulse-width modulated control signal at a lower pulse width ratio. When thesecond DC voltage 118 is lower than the desired DC voltage, thePWM 202 outputs a pulse-width modulated control signal at a higher pulse width ratio. - The
first stage 108 converts theAC voltage 114 as input to thefirst DC voltage 116 as output. An electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)filter 204 filters theAC voltage 114, and arectifier 206 rectifies theAC voltage 114 after having been filtered. Aninductor 208 and adiode 210 are connected in series to an output side of therectifier 206, and acapacitor 212 is connected between an output of thediode 210 and therectifier 206. Atransistor 214 is connected between theinductor 208 and thediode 210, and is also connected to of therectifier 206. Thetransistor 214 is opened and closed in a pulse width modulated manner, by thePWM 202, to provide thefirst DC voltage 116 between thediode 210 and thecapacitor 212. - The
second stage 110 converts thefirst DC voltage 116 as input to thesecond DC voltage 118 as output. Atransformer 216 having a first (input)coil 218 and a second (output)coil 220. Thefirst coil 218 is connected to the output of thefirst stage 108. Adiode 222 and aninductor 224 are connected in series to thesecond coil 220. Acapacitor 226 is connected to theinductor 224 and to thesecond coil 220. Anotherdiode 228 is connected between thediode 222 and theinductor 224, and is also connected to thesecond coil 220. A transistor 230 is connected to thefirst coil 218. Like thetransistor 214, the transistor 230 is opened and closed in a pulse width modulated manner, by thePWM 202, to provide thesecond DC voltage 118 between theinductor 224 and thecapacitor 226. -
FIG. 3 shows theblower 104 in more detail, according to an embodiment of the invention. Theblower 104 includes amotor 302 and a number offan fins 304. Thefan fins 304 are rotatably connected to themotor 302. Therefore, power being applied to themotor 302 results in thefan fins 304 being rotated. Themotor 302 includes anelectrical connector 306 to connect to thefirst stage 108 of the AC-to-DC power supply 102 to receive thefirst DC voltage 116 from thefirst stage 108 to power themotor 302 and thus to rotate thefan fins 304. - In conclusion,
FIG. 4 shows amethod 400, according to an embodiment of the invention. The AC-to-DC power supply 102, having thefirst stage 108 providing thefirst DC voltage 116 and thesecond stage 110 providing thesecond DC voltage 118, is provided (402). Thepower supply 102 can include the components that have been described in relation toFIG. 2 . Theblower 104 is also provided (404). Theblower 104 can include the components that have been described in relation toFIG. 3 . Theblower 104 is electrically connected to thefirst stage 108 to receive thefirst DC voltage 116 from thepower supply 102 to power the blower 104 (406), instead of being connected to thesecond stage 110 to receive thesecond DC voltage 118 from thepower supply 102 to power theblower 104. - It is finally noted that, although specific embodiments have been illustrated and described herein, it will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that any arrangement calculated to achieve the same purpose may be substituted for the specific embodiments shown. This application is thus intended to cover any adaptations or variations of embodiments of the present invention. As such and therefore, it is manifestly intended that this invention be limited only by the claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (20)
1. A system comprising:
an alternating current-to-direct current (AC-to-DC) power supply having a first stage providing a first DC voltage and a second stage providing a second DC voltage, the second DC voltage less than the first DC voltage; and,
a blower electrically connected to the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply to receive the first DC voltage from the AC-to-DC power supply to power the blower.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the AC-to-DC power supply has a first efficiency at the first stage and a second efficiency at the second stage, the second efficiency less than the first efficiency, such that electrical connection of the blower to the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply instead of to the second stage of the AC-to-DC power supply wastes less power and is more efficient.
3. The system of claim 1 , wherein the blower comprises:
a motor having an electrical connector to connect to the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply; and,
a plurality of fan fins connected to and rotated by the motor.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply comprises:
a rectifier to rectify an AC signal input to the first stage;
an inductor and a diode connected in series to an output side of the rectifier;
a capacitor connected between an output of the diode and the rectifier; and,
a transistor connected between the inductor and the diode and connected to the rectifier,
wherein the transistor is opened and closed in a pulse width modulated manner to provide the first DC voltage of the first stage between the diode and the capacitor.
5. The system of claim 4 , wherein the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply further comprises an electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) filter between the AC signal and the rectifier.
6. The system of claim 4 , wherein the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply further comprises a pulse width modulator to modulate opening and closing of the transistor.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the second stage of the AC-to-DC power supply comprises:
a transformer having a first coil and a second coil, the first coil connected to an output of the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply;
an inductor and a first diode connected in series to the second coil;
a capacitor connected to the inductor and to the second coil;
a second diode connected between the inductor and the first diode and connected to the second coil; and,
a transistor connected to the first coil,
wherein the transistor is opened and closed in a pulse width modulated manner to provide the second DC voltage of the first stage between the inductor and the capacitor.
8. The system of claim 7 , wherein the second stage of the AC-to-DC power supply further comprises a pulse width modulator to modulate opening and closing of the transistor.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein the AC-to-DC power supply comprises:
a first transistor of the first stage;
a second transistor of the second stage; and,
a pulse width modulator to modulate the first transistor and the second transistor to provide the first DC voltage at the first stage and to provide the second DC voltage at the second stage.
10. A method comprising:
providing an alternating current-to-direct current (AC-to-DC) power supply having a first stage providing a first DC voltage and a second stage providing a second DC voltage, the second DC voltage less than the first DC voltage;
providing a blower; and,
electrically connecting the blower to the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply for the blower to receive the first DC voltage from the AC-to-DC power supply to power the blower.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the AC-to-DC power supply has a first efficiency at the first stage and a second efficiency at the second stage, the second efficiency less than the first efficiency, such that electrical connection of the blower to the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply instead of to the second stage of the AC-to-DC power supply wastes less power and is more efficient.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein providing the blower comprises providing the blower as comprising:
a motor having an electrical connector to connect to the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply; and,
a plurality of fan fins connected to and rotated by the motor.
13. The method of claim 10 , wherein providing the AC-to-DC power supply comprises providing the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply as comprising:
a rectifier to rectify an AC signal input to the first stage;
an inductor and a diode connected in series to an output side of the rectifier;
a capacitor connected between an output of the diode and the rectifier; and,
a transistor connected between the inductor and the diode and connected to the rectifier,
wherein the transistor is opened and closed in a pulse width modulated manner to provide the first DC voltage of the first stage between the diode and the capacitor.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein providing the AC-to-DC power supply comprises providing the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply as further comprising an electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) filter between the AC signal and the rectifier.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein providing the AC-to-DC power supply comprises providing the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply as further a pulse width modulator to modulate opening and closing of the transistor.
16. The method of claim 10 , wherein providing the AC-to-DC power supply comprises providing the second stage of the AC-to-DC power supply as comprising:
a transformer having a first coil and a second coil, the first coil connected to an output of the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply;
an inductor and a first diode connected in series to the second coil;
a capacitor connected to the inductor and to the second coil;
a second diode connected between the inductor and the first diode and connected to the second coil; and,
a transistor connected to the first coil,
wherein the transistor is opened and closed in a pulse width modulated manner to provide the second DC voltage of the first stage between the inductor and the capacitor.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein providing the AC-to-DC power supply comprises providing the second stage of the AC-to-DC power supply as further comprising a pulse width modulator to modulate opening and closing of the transistor.
18. The method of claim 10 , wherein providing the AC-to-DC power supply comprises providing the AC-to-DC power supply as comprising:
a first transistor of the first stage;
a second transistor of the second stage; and,
a pulse width modulator to modulate the first transistor and the second transistor to provide the first DC voltage at the first stage and to provide the second DC voltage at the second stage.
19. A blower comprising:
a motor having an electrical connector to connect to a first stage of an alternating current-to-direct current (AC-to-DC) power supply providing a first DC voltage for the blower to receive the first DC voltage to power the motor; and,
a plurality of fan fins connected to and rotated by the motor,
wherein the AC-to-DC power supply further has a second stage providing a second DC voltage less than the first DC voltage.
20. The blower of claim 19 , wherein the AC-to-DC power supply has a first efficiency at the first stage and a second efficiency at the second stage, the second efficiency less than the first efficiency, such that electrical connection of the blower to the first stage of the AC-to-DC power supply instead of to the second stage of the AC-to-DC power supply wastes less power and is more efficient.
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US12/614,719 US8508182B2 (en) | 2009-11-09 | 2009-11-09 | Electrically connecting blower to power supply stage providing higher voltage |
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