WO2009121291A1

WO2009121291A1 - Storage device and storage method

Info

Publication number: WO2009121291A1
Application number: PCT/CN2009/071102
Authority: WO
Inventors: 钟智渊
Original assignee: 深圳市朗科科技股份有限公司
Priority date: 2008-03-31
Filing date: 2009-03-31
Publication date: 2009-10-08
Also published as: CN101552028A

Abstract

A data storage device and the method thereof are provided. Said storage device comprises: a first storage module; a second storage module, of which the media type is different from that of said first storage module; at least one configuration information unit, which acquires current configuration storage parameters correlated with said first and second storage modules and stores them in real time; and a processing module, which receives an access instruction from an upper computer or the exterior and selects one of said first storage module or said second storage module to execute a data access operation therein according to the instruction and said current configuration storage parameters.

Description

Storage device and storage method

The disclosure of the present application relates to data storage devices and methods. Background technique

With the popularity of flash memory, more and more flash types have emerged. Different types of flash memory have their own advantages and disadvantages. For example, SLC (Single Level Cell) has a fast access speed and long service life, but it is relatively expensive, while MLC (Multi Level Cell) has a relatively low cost, but it is still relatively expensive. The speed is slower and the service life is shorter.

Prior art storage devices support only one type of flash memory at the same time, and thus cannot take advantage of various types of flash memory devices. Summary of the invention

In one aspect, the present application discloses a storage device, which may include:

First storage module;

a second storage module, different from a medium of the first storage module;

At least one configuration information unit acquiring and accessing current configuration storage parameters associated with the first storage module and the second storage module in real time;

Processing the module, receiving an access instruction from the host computer or the external, and selecting one of the first storage module and the second storage module based on the received access instruction and the current configuration storage parameter to select The data access operation is performed in the storage module.

The present application also discloses such a storage device, which may include:

At least three storage modules, the at least three storage modules include at least two storage modules of different media types;

At least one configuration information unit that acquires and stores current configuration storage parameters associated with the at least three storage modules in real time;

Processing the module, receiving an access instruction from the host computer or the external, and selecting a storage module from the at least three storage modules based on the received access instruction and the current configuration storage parameter, and further in the selected storage module An address at which an access operation is to be performed is determined, thereby performing a data access operation at the determined address.

On the other hand, the present application discloses a method for performing data access in a storage device, where the storage device includes at least a first storage module and a second storage module, and the method includes:

Obtaining the logical address of the required access from the externally input access instruction;

Obtaining a current number of available sectors of the first storage module; Comparing a decimal number representing the logical address with a number of available sectors of the first storage module;

If the number of available sectors of the first storage module is greater than a decimal number of the logical address, determining an address of the first storage module to perform an access operation, otherwise,

An address at which the access operation is to be performed is determined in the second storage module. DRAWINGS

1 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment of a memory device in accordance with a first aspect of the present application;

Figure 2 is a block diagram further illustrating the processing module 40 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 shows a block diagram of a second embodiment of a memory device in accordance with the first aspect of the present application;

Fig. 4 exemplarily shows a flow chart of a storage method according to the second aspect of the present application. detailed description

Embodiments of the memory device according to the first aspect of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Referring to Figure 1, there is shown a memory device 1000 in accordance with a first embodiment of the first aspect of the present application. The storage device 1000 includes a first storage module 10 and a second storage module 20. The first storage module 10 and the second storage module 20 may be different types of storage modules. For example, the first storage module 10 may be an SLC module, and the second storage module 20 may be an MLC module.

The storage device 1000 also includes a configuration information module 30 and a processing module 40. The configuration information module 30 is configured to acquire and store the current configuration storage parameters of the first storage module 10 and the second storage module 20 in real time, for example, the module type of the first storage module 10 and the second storage module 20, and the currently available number of blocks. , the number of pages per page, the number of sectors per page, access clock cycles, bad blocks, etc. The currently available number of blocks may also include the number of physical blocks and the number of logical blocks to reflect the current storage state. . The storage parameters of the first storage module 10 and the second storage module 20 are stored in the configuration information unit 30, for example, in the form of an information table. Table 1 exemplarily shows information when the first and second storage modules are the SLC module and the MLC module, respectively.

Table 1

The processing module 40 receives the access instruction from the upper computer or the external, and stores the parameter in the first storage module 10 or the second storage module according to the received access instruction and the current configuration storage parameter stored in the configuration information module 30. The sector to be accessed is determined in 20 to perform a data access operation on the determined sector. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the processing module 40 may further include a command receiving unit 401, an address determining unit 402, and an access unit 403. The command receiving unit 401 receives an access command from the upper computer or the outside. The address determining unit 402 determines a sector to be accessed by the first storage module 10 or the second storage module 20 based on the received access instruction. The operation of the address determining unit 402 will be further described below.

After the address determining unit 402 receives the access instruction from the command receiving unit 401, the logical address to be accessed is determined according to the received access instruction, and the decimal number indicating the logical address is available to the first storage module 10. The number of sectors is compared. If the number of available sectors of the first storage module 10 is greater than the decimal number of the logical address to be accessed, the first storage module 10 may be selected as the current storage module to be accessed, and determined to be accessed in the first storage module 10 according to the following formula. Specific sector,

BlockAccessl = Int ( NA1/(P1*S1) ) +offset 1)

PageAccessl =Int ( ( Mod ( NA1 /(P1*S1) ) /PI ) ) 2 )

SecAccessl=Mod ( ( Mod ( NA1 /(P1 *S1) ) /PI ) Equation 3) where BlockAccess1 represents the block to be accessed in the first storage module, and PageAccessl represents the page to be accessed in the block BlockAccessl, SecAccessel Indicates the sector to be accessed in the page PageAccessl, offset is the block offset (which is the number of bad blocks in the first storage module), NA1 is the decimal number of the logical address to be accessed in the first storage module, P 1 Represents the number of pages per block in the first storage module, S1 represents the number of sectors per page in the first storage module, Int is a rounding operation function; Mod is a remainder operation function.

Taking NA 1 as 21007 as an example, which is smaller than the available storage sector 4 * 64 * 4096 = 1048576 of the first storage module 10 shown in Table 1, it can be determined that the first storage module 10 is the module to be accessed currently. According to the above Table 1, it can be further determined that Pl=64, Sl=4, offset=0„ Thus, according to Equation 1), BlockAccessl=82 can be determined, according to Equation 2), PageAccesse=3 can be determined; and according to Equation 3), SecAccess 1 can be determined. = 3 „ That is, the location to be accessed is the third sector of the third page of the 82nd block of the first memory module 10. If the number of available sectors of the first storage module 10 is smaller than the decimal number of the logical address to be accessed, the second storage module 20 is selected to access the storage module, and the access to the second storage module 20 is determined according to the following formula. Specific sector.

BlockAccess2=Int ( ( NA2-Conl ) /(P2*S2) ) +offset 4 )

PageAccess2=Int ( ( Mod ( ( NA2-Conl ) /(P2*S2) ) /P2 ) ) 5 )

SecAccess2=Mod ( ( Mod ( ( NA2-Conl ) / (P2*S2) ) /P2 ) ) 6 ) Where BlockAccess 2 represents the block to be accessed in the second storage module, PageAccess2 represents the page to be accessed in the block BlockAccess2, SecAccessel represents the sector to be accessed in the page PageAccess2, and offset represents the block offset (which is equal to the bad block) Number), Conl is the total sector of the first storage module, NA2 is the decimal number of the logical address to be accessed, P2 is the number of pages available for each block in the second storage module, and S2 is the fan of each page in the second storage module. The number of regions, Int is the rounding operation function; Mod is the remainder operation function.

Taking NA2 as 3006739 as an example, which is greater than the number of available sectors of the first storage module 1048576, the second storage module is selected as the current storage module. For convenience of description, assuming that the first storage module is a blank module, Conl is the currently available number of sectors, that is, 1048576. From Table 1 above, it can also be determined that P2=128, S2=4, offset=2048„ then BlockAccess 2=5872 can be determined according to Equation 4), PageAccesse 2=68 can be determined according to Equation 5); SecAccess2= can be determined according to Equation 6) 3. The location to be accessed is the third sector on page 68 of the 5872th block of the second memory module.

The access unit 403 selectively accesses the data in the first storage module 10 or the second storage module 20 in the sector determined by the address determination unit 402 based on the information stored in the configuration information module 30. Specifically, when data access is performed in the first storage module 10, for example, the storage medium is an SLC, the data storage operation is performed using conventional parameters and commands for the SLC access operation; when, for example, the storage medium is the MLC When data access is performed in the second storage module 20, the data storage operation is performed using conventional parameters and commands for the MLC access operation. For example, when data access is performed in the first storage module 10, according to Table 1, the access period of the first storage module 10 is 30 ns, and the access unit 403 is directed to the first storage module 10 at a rate of 30 ns per byte. Send access commands, addresses, and data.

3 is a storage device 2000 according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure. The difference from the storage device 1000 shown in FIG. 1 is that the storage device 2000 of the second embodiment includes two configuration information modules 30 corresponding to the first storage module 10 and the second storage module 20, respectively, in real time. The current storage parameters of the first storage module 10 and the second storage module 20 are acquired and stored. Since the first storage module 10, the second storage module 20, the configuration information module 30, and the processing module 40 included in the storage device 2000 of the second embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment described above, they will not be separately described.

In this embodiment, since each storage module separately corresponds to one configuration information module, when one of the storage modules cannot continue to be used, the storage module and its corresponding configuration information module may be replaced together, thereby increasing The flexibility of the storage device. Although the storage devices 1000 and 2000 have been described by taking two different types of storage modules as an example, those skilled in the art should understand that the implementation of combining two or more storage modules into one storage device can be easily realized according to the above description. the way. For example, when the storage devices 1000 and 2000 further include the third storage module, when the first and second storage modules are not determined according to the above method When the module to be accessed is currently selected, the access operation is selected in the third storage module. At this time, the parameter variable (NA2-Conl) in the above formula 4) -6) should be changed to (NA3-Conl-Con2). S2 and P2 should also be changed to S3 and P3 accordingly, where NA3 is the decimal number representation of the logical address to be accessed, Con2 is the total storage capacity of the second storage module, and P3 and S3 are each of the third storage devices, respectively. The number of pages in the block and the number of sectors included in each page.

In addition, those skilled in the art should also understand that a storage module with a relatively fast storage speed block and a relatively long service life should generally be set as the first storage module, that is, the module that selects the storage first is selected by default, and the file with a higher frequency of access is accessed. Pre-set in the first storage module, such as the file allocation table in the FAT/FAT32 file system. A method 3000 for data access in a storage device disclosed in the second aspect of the present application, which may include, for example, a first storage module and a second storage module of different types, may be described with reference to FIG.

Referring to FIG. 4, the logical address of the required access is obtained from the externally input access instruction in step 300; and the current available number of sectors of the first storage module is obtained in step 310.

The decimal number representing the logical address obtained in step 300 is compared with the number of available sectors obtained in step 310 in step 320.

If the number of available sectors of the first storage module is greater than the decimal number of the logical address to be accessed, the first storage module is selected to access the storage module, and is determined in the storage module according to formula 1) -3) in step 330. The sector to be accessed is then accessed in step 340 for the determined sector to be accessed.

If the number of available sectors of the first storage module is less than the decimal number of the logical address to be accessed, then in step 350, it is determined that the storage module to be accessed is the second storage module, and then determined in step 330 according to the company 4) -6) The sector to be accessed in the second memory module is then accessed in step 340 for the determined sector to be accessed.

The foregoing determining the address of the access operation in the first storage module and the second storage module, and performing the storage operation at the determined address is the same as the description of the storage devices 1000 and 2000 described above, and thus will not be described again. .

The data access method 3000 is described by taking two storage modules as an example. However, the description of the two storage modules is merely for convenience of description, and those skilled in the art do not need to work creatively according to the above description. A method of operating a storage device composed of two or more different storage modules is fully available.

In addition, those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications and substitutions of the various features of the embodiments of the present disclosure can be made by those skilled in the art in light of the above disclosure.

Claims

Rights request

A storage device comprising:

First storage module;

a second storage module, different from a medium of the first storage module;

The storage device according to claim 1, wherein the processing module further comprises: a command receiving unit, receiving the access instruction from a host computer or externally;

An address determining unit, acquiring a logical address from which the access operation is to be performed from the received access instruction, and selecting from the first storage module and the second storage module based on the logical address and the current configuration storage parameter One of, and further determining an address to perform an access operation in the selected storage module;

The access unit performs a data access operation at the determined address.

The storage device according to claim 2, wherein the current configuration storage parameter comprises: a module type respectively associated with the first storage module and the second storage module, a current available number of blocks, a number of pages per block, The number of sectors per page, the number of access clock cycles, and the number of bad blocks.

4. The storage device of claim 3, wherein the data access unit is configured to be determined based on the access clock cycle associated with the first storage module or the second storage module The address performs a data access operation.

The storage device according to claim 3, wherein the address determining unit is configured to determine an address at which the access operation is performed in the first storage module or the second storage module according to the following rule:

Determining, according to the received access instruction, a logical address to perform an access operation, and determining that the result is greater than, then proceeding to determine an address of the first storage module to perform an access operation, otherwise, An address at which the access operation is currently to be performed is determined in the second storage module.

The storage device according to claim 5, wherein the address determining unit is further configured to determine, in the first storage module, an address at which an access operation is currently to be performed, according to the following formula:

BlockAccessl =Int ( NA1/(P1*S1) ) +offset

PageAccess 1 =Int ( ( Mod ( NA1 /(P1*S1) ) /PI )

SecAccessl=Mod ( ( Mod ( NA1 /(P1 *S1) ) /PI )

Wherein, BlockAccess1 represents a block in which an access operation is to be performed in the first storage module, PageAccessl represents a page in which an access operation is to be performed in the block BlockAccess1, and SecAccessel represents a sector in which an access operation is to be performed in the page PageAccess1, offset Representing a block offset, wherein the offset is a number of bad blocks in the first storage module, and NA1 represents a decimal number of a logical address in the first storage module to perform an access operation, P 1 Representing the number of pages per block in the first storage module, S1 represents the number of sectors representing each page of the first storage module, Int is a rounding operation function, and Mod is a remainder operation function.

The storage device according to claim 5, wherein the address determining unit is further configured to determine an address of the second storage module to perform an access operation according to the following formula:

BlockAccess2=Int ( ( NA2-Conl ) /(P2*S2) ) +offset

PageAccess2=Int ( ( Mod ( ( NA2-Conl ) /(P2*S2) ) /P2 )

SecAccess2=Mod ( ( Mod ( ( NA2-Conl ) /(P2*S2) ) /P2 )

Wherein, BlockAccess 2 represents a block in which an access operation is to be performed in the second storage module, PageAccess2 represents a page in which an access operation is to be performed in the block BlockAccess2, and SecAccessel represents a sector in which an access operation is to be performed in the page PageAccess2, Offset represents a block offset, the offset is the number of bad blocks in the second storage module, Conl represents the total sector of the first storage module, and NA2 represents the logical address of the access operation to be performed. The decimal number, P2 represents the number of pages available for each block in the second storage module, S2 represents the number of sectors per page in the second storage module, Int is a rounding operation function, and Mod is a remainder operation function.

The storage device according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the first storage module comprises an SLC module, and the second storage module comprises an MLC module.

A method for performing data access in a storage device, the storage device comprising at least a first storage module and a second storage module, the method comprising:

Obtaining a current number of available sectors of the first storage module;

a decimal number representing the logical address and the number of available sectors of the first storage module Compare;

An address at which the access operation is to be performed is determined in the second storage module.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the address at which the access operation is to be performed is determined in the first storage module according to the following rule:

BlockAccessl =Int ( NA1/(P1*S1) ) +offset

PageAccess 1 =Int ( ( Mod ( NA1 /(P1*S1) ) /PI )

SecAccessl=Mod ( ( Mod ( NA1 /(P1*S1) ) /PI )

Wherein, BlockAccess1 represents a block in which an access operation is to be performed in the first storage module, PageAccessl represents a page in which an access operation is to be performed in the block BlockAccess1, and SecAccessel represents a sector in which an access operation is to be performed in the page PageAccess1, offset Representing a block offset, the offset is a number of bad blocks in the first storage module, NA1 represents a decimal number of a logical address at which the first storage module is to perform an access operation, and P1 represents The number of pages of each block in the first storage module, S1 represents the number of sectors per page in the first storage module, Int is a rounding operation function; Mod is a remainder operation function.

The method according to claim 9, wherein the address at which the access operation is to be performed is determined in the second storage module according to the following rule:

BlockAccess2=Int ( ( NA2-Conl ) /(P2*S2) ) +offset 4 )

PageAccess2=Int ( ( Mod ( ( NA2-Conl ) /(P2*S2) ) /P2 ) ) 5 )

SecAccess2=Mod ( ( Mod ( NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA In the block Access2, a page to perform an access operation, SecAccessel indicates a sector in which an access operation is to be performed in the page PageAccess2, offset indicates a block offset, and the offset is a number of bad blocks in the second storage module. Conl represents the total sector of the first storage module, NA2 represents the decimal number of the logical address to perform the access operation, P2 represents the number of pages available for each block in the second storage module, and S2 represents the second storage module. The number of sectors per page, Int is the rounding operation function, and Mod is the remainder operation function.

The method according to any one of claims 9 to 12, wherein the first storage module comprises an SLC module, and the second storage module comprises an MLC module.

13. A storage device comprising: At least three storage modules, at least two storage modules having different media types are included in the at least three storage modules;

The storage device according to claim 13, wherein the processing module further comprises: a command receiving unit, receiving the access instruction from a host computer or externally;

An address determining unit, acquiring a logical address from which the access operation is to be performed from the received access instruction, and selecting a storage module from the at least three storage modules based on the logical address and the current configuration storage parameter, and Further determining the address of the selected storage module to perform the access operation;

The access unit performs a data access operation according to the determined address.

The storage device according to claim 14, wherein the current configuration storage parameter comprises: a module type associated with each of the at least three storage modules, a current available number of blocks, and each block Number of pages, number of sectors per page, access clock period, and number of bad blocks.

16. The memory device of claim 15, wherein the data access unit is further configured to perform a data access operation at the determined address in accordance with an access clock cycle associated with the selected one of the memory modules.

The storage device according to claim 14, wherein the at least three storage modules comprise at least a first storage module and a second storage module, and the media types of the first storage module and the second storage module are different ,

The address determining unit is further configured to determine whether an address to perform an access operation is determined in the first storage module or the second storage module according to the following rule:

Determining, according to the received access instruction, a logical address to perform an access operation, and determining whether the number of available sectors of the first storage module is greater than a decimal number of the logical address, and if so, at the first The address of the current access operation is determined in the storage module, otherwise, the address at which the access operation is currently to be performed is determined in the second storage module.

18. The storage device according to claim 17, wherein the address determining unit is configured to determine, in the first storage module, an address determining that an access operation is currently to be performed, according to the following formula:

BlockAccessl =Int ( NA1/(P1*S1) ) +offset

PageAccess 1 =Int ( ( Mod ( NA1 /(P1*S1) ) /PI )

SecAccessl=Mod ( ( Mod ( NA1 /(P1*S1) ) /PI )

19. The storage device according to claim 17, wherein the determining, in the second storage module, an address at which the access operation is currently to be performed is determined according to the following formula:

BlockAccess2=Int ( ( NA2-Conl ) /(P2*S2) ) +offset

PageAccess2=Int ( ( Mod ( ( NA2-Conl ) /(P2*S2) ) /P2 )

SecAccess2=Mod ( ( Mod ( ( NA2-Conl ) /(P2*S2) ) /P2 )

The storage device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first storage module comprises an SLC module, and the second storage module comprises an MLC module.